This paper presents a new model for three-dimensional deformation extraction of single-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) based on mining subsidence characteristics. The model is applied to address the problem of difficult-to-obtain three-dimensional surface deformations in a mining area with high-precision using single-track InSAR. In horizontal or near horizontal coal seam mining regions, land subsidence and horizontal movement are symmetrically distributed along the strike and dip directions of the working face. The proposed method uses this characteristic to calculate the three-dimensional component of surface deformation for the mining area by performing simple addition and subtraction operations on the line-of-sight (LOS) displacement of the symmetric points. Simulations using the developed model show that the root mean square error (RMSE) of the three-dimensional deformations in the vertical, east-west, and north-south directions are 6.9, 5.5 and 8.9 mm, respectively. Experiments were processed using the Sentinel-1A images, and the results show that the vertical displacement generated by the model is consistent with the leveling data. Based on the simulation analysis, it is found that this model can solve the three-dimensional mining deformations, for situations where the strike angle of the coal seam is not perpendicular to the satellite heading.

本文提出了一种基于沉陷特征的单轨干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）三维变形提取模型。该模型用于解决单轨InSAR难以在高精度的矿区三维表面变形问题。在水平或接近水平的煤层开采区，地面沉降和水平运动沿工作面的走向和倾角方向对称分布。通过对对称点的视线（LOS）位移执行简单的加法和减法运算，所提出的方法利用此特性来计算矿区表面变形的三维分量。使用开发的模型进行的仿真显示，垂直，东西向和南北向的三维变形的均方根误差（RMSE）分别为6.9、5.5和8.9 mm。使用Sentinel-1A图像处理了实验，结果表明该模型生成的垂直位移与找平数据一致。通过仿真分析，发现该模型可以解决煤层走向不垂直于卫星航向的情况下的三维开采变形问题。结果表明，模型产生的垂直位移与找平数据一致。通过仿真分析，发现该模型可以解决煤层走向不垂直于卫星航向的情况下的三维开采变形问题。结果表明，模型产生的垂直位移与找平数据一致。通过仿真分析，发现该模型可以解决煤层走向不垂直于卫星航向的情况下的三维开采变形问题。