Abstract Debate over wealth redistribution plays a prominent role in society, but the causes of differences in support for redistribution remain contested. A recent three-person two-situation model suggests these differences are shaped by evolved motivational systems of self-interest, compassion, and dispositional envy. We conducted a close replication testing this prediction, all subjects were British, recruited from an online subject pool. Study 1 (N = 206) confirmed the roles of self-interest (β = 0.20) and compassion for others (β = 0.37), as well as a predicted null effect of procedural fairness. Dispositional envy was non-significant (β = 0.06). In study 2 (N = 304), we tested whether it was better to conceptualize envy as being two separate emotions, benign envy and malicious envy. A significant effect of malicious envy was found (β = 0.13) and no significant effect of benign envy (β = −0.06). Study 3 (N = 501) closely replicated this improved model, confirming significant effects of compassion (β = 0.40), self-interest (β = 0.21), and malicious envy (β = 0.15), accounting for one third of variance in support for redistribution. These results support the role of evolved motivational systems to explain and improve important aspects of contemporary economic redistribution.

中文翻译：

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谁支持再分配？复制和完善同情心、恶意嫉妒和自身利益的影响

摘要 关于财富再分配的争论在社会中占有突出地位，但支持再分配的不同原因仍然存在争议。最近的三人二情境模型表明，这些差异是由自我利益、同情心和性格嫉妒的进化动机系统塑造的。我们对这一预测进行了严格的复制测试，所有受试者都是英国人，从在线受试者库中招募。研究 1 (N = 206) 证实了自利 (β = 0.20) 和对他人的同情 (β = 0.37) 的作用，以及程序公平的预测无效效应。性格嫉妒不显着（β = 0.06）。在研究 2 (N = 304) 中，我们测试了将嫉妒概念化为两种不同的情绪，良性嫉妒和恶意嫉妒是否更好。发现恶意嫉妒的显着影响（β = 0。13) 并且良性嫉妒没有显着影响 (β = -0.06)。研究 3 (N = 501) 密切复制了这个改进的模型，证实了同情 (β = 0.40)、自利 (β = 0.21) 和恶意嫉妒 (β = 0.15) 的显着影响，占支持差异的三分之一用于重新分配。这些结果支持进化的动机系统在解释和改进当代经济再分配的重要方面的作用。