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Shifts in Foraging Behaviour of Heterospecific Flocking Birds in a Lowland Malaysian Rainforest
Behavioural Processes ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104229
Mohammad Saiful Mansor 1 , Shukor Md Nor 1 , Rosli Ramli 2
Affiliation  

Mixed-species flocks (MSFs) serve important roles in bird communities, especially in tropical forests. Although structure of mixed-species bird flocks and its benefits has been intensively studied globally, the foraging plasticity of a species when joining MSFs has rarely been evaluated. The present study examines foraging strategies of the Rufous-crowned Babbler (Malacopteron magnum), Chestnut-winged Babbler (Cyanoderma erythropterum) and Black-naped Monarch (Hypothymis azurea) when participating in MSFs in the Krau Wildlife Reserve, central Peninsular Malaysia. These species exhibit active foraging shifts in utilisation of vertical strata, foraging substrate, attack manoeuvres and foliage density, when foraging in MSFs, compared to when foraging outside MSFs. While the Rufous-crowned Babbler and Chestnut-winged Babbler commonly used gleaning and stretching (to completely extend the legs or neck to reach the food items) manoeuvres when foraging outside MSFs, respectively, they adopted probing manoeuvre and frequently used higher strata upon joining MSFs. The Chestnut-winged Babbler tended to forage on the underside of leaves and the Black-naped Monarch frequently utilised branches when joining MSFs, while they exclusively used aerial leaf litter and live green leaves, respectively, when foraging with conspecifics. The monarch also adopted the hovering manoeuvre and frequently foraged within denser foliage cover when joining MSFs. This study demonstrated that flock members exhibits foraging plasticity either through an expansion or active shift in foraging niches when participating in MSFs, thus suggesting the occurrence of possible foraging improvement and/or reductions in predation risk.

中文翻译:

马来西亚低地雨林异种群落鸟类觅食行为的变化

混合物种群 (MSF) 在鸟类群落中发挥着重要作用,尤其是在热带森林中。尽管在全球范围内对混合物种鸟群的结构及其益处进行了深入研究,但很少评估物种在加入 MSF 时的觅食可塑性。本研究调查了在马来西亚半岛中部克劳野生动物保护区参加无国界医生组织的棕头鹬(Malacopteron magnum)、栗翅鹛(Cyanoderma erythropterum)和黑颈鹬(Hypothymis azurea)的觅食策略。与在 MSF 外觅食相比,在 MSF 中觅食时,这些物种在利用垂直地层、觅食基质、攻击机动和树叶密度方面表现出积极的觅食转变。Rufous-crowned Babbler 和 Chestnut-winged Babbler 分别在无国界医生外觅食时常用拾起和伸展(完全伸展腿或颈部以接触食物)动作,而他们在加入无国界医生时则采用探查动作并经常使用更高的地层. Chestnut-winged Babbler 倾向于在叶子的下面觅食,Black-naped Monarch 在加入 MSF 时经常使用树枝,而当它们与同种物种觅食时,它们分别专门使用空中落叶和活的绿叶。加入无国界医生时,帝王蝶也采用了悬停动作,并经常在更茂密的树叶覆盖中觅食。这项研究表明,当参与 MSF 时,群成员通过觅食生态位的扩张或积极转变表现出觅食可塑性,
更新日期:2020-11-01
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