Collective behaviours in animal communities are the result of inter-individual communication. However, communication signals are not fixed; they evolve to ensure more effective interactions between the emitter and receiver of these signals. In this study, we use a mathematical approach and investigate the effect of changes in communication signals (at both receiver and emitter levels) on the aggregation patterns displayed by these animal communities. We use simple linear stability analysis to study the impact that the loss/gain in signals strength has on the formation of stationary and moving animal aggregations. We then use numerical simulations to study the impact of these signal strengths on the long-term persistence of some stationary and moving aggregations. We show that a reduction in the strength of such communication signals can stop the movement of some aggregations. Moreover, for very weak signals, one can obtain a variety of standing wave patterns characterised by left-moving and right-moving waves of individuals passing through each other, with or without some individuals joining the opposite-moving group.

中文翻译：

---

自组织生态聚集中通信机制的演变：对模式形成的影响

动物群落的集体行为是个体间交流的结果。但是，通信信号不是固定的；它们不断发展以确保这些信号的发射器和接收器之间更有效的相互作用。在这项研究中，我们使用数学方法研究通信信号（接收器和发射器级别）的变化对这些动物群落显示的聚集模式的影响。我们使用简单的线性稳定性分析来研究信号强度的损失/增益对静止和移动动物聚集体形成的影响。然后，我们使用数值模拟来研究这些信号强度对一些静止和移动聚集体的长期持久性的影响。我们表明，降低此类通信信号的强度可以阻止某些聚合的移动。此外，对于非常微弱的信号，可以获得多种驻波模式，其特征是个体左右移动的波相互穿过，有或没有一些个体加入对向移动的群体。