A highly efficient and eco-friendly route for the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was developed by using polyvinylpyrrolidone coated CeO₂ NPs (PVP–CeO₂) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The resulting carbonaceous material, PVP–CeO₂/rGO, was well characterized with different spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), elemental mapping, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Thermal Gravimetric (TG) analyses. The material exhibited high catalytic potential towards multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of biologically relevant benzodiazepine derivatives in aqueous media. The efficiency of the material for the desired reaction was shown in the form of an excellent product yield (96–98%) and a very short reaction time period (7–10 min). The use of water as solvent and recyclability of the catalyst made the present protocol acceptable from a green perspective.

中文翻译：

---

PVP-CeO2/rGO作为用于水中多组分反应的高效、可回收多相催化剂的合成和催化评价

_{通过使用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮包覆的 CeO 2} NPs (PVP-CeO ₂ ) 作为还原剂和稳定剂，开发了一种将氧化石墨烯 (GO) 还原为还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO) 的高效环保途径。所得碳质材料 PVP-CeO ₂/rGO，用不同的光谱技术进行了很好的表征，例如傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、能量色散 X 射线 (EDX)、元素映射、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)、拉曼光谱、粉末X 射线衍射 (XRD)、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)、X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 和热重 (TG) 分析。该材料对在水介质中合成生物学相关的苯二氮卓衍生物的多组分反应表现出高催化潜力。所需反应的材料效率以优异的产品收率 (96-98%) 和非常短的反应时间 (7-10 分钟) 的形式显示。