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Hydration and Early Age Properties of Cement Pastes Modified with Cellulose Nanofibrils
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-28 , DOI: 10.1177/0361198120945993
Hosain Haddad Kolour 1 , Warda Ashraf 2 , Eric N. Landis 1
Affiliation  

In this work, the effects of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) on workability, hydration reaction, microstructure, early age shrinkage, fracture properties, flexural strength, and compressive strength of cement paste were investigated. Six batches with variable CNF concentrations with the same water-to-cement (w/c) ratio (0.35) were tested. Flow table test showed a reduction in the workability as CNF dosage increased. Isothermal calorimetry (IC) tests showed that after 3 days, degree of hydration (DOH) improved up to 8% because of the addition of CNFs. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests at 7 and 28 days showed no significant changes in DOH for all pastes. After 7 days, mixture with 0.15% CNF resulted in up to 31% improvement in compressive strength. For 0.09% CNF addition, cement paste showed 26% increase in compressive strength after 28 days. Tests revealed that adding a small quantity of CNF (0.06%) along with entraining 0.05 extra water reduces autogenous shrinkage by 49% at a cement paste with w/c = 0.30. For interpreting the results, a tunnels, reservoirs, and bridges (TR&B) model is proposed. This model suggests that, as proposed by others, CNFs can modify microstructure by providing tunnels for transporting water to unhydrated cement grain. Because of their hydrophilicity, CNFs retain water and work as reservoirs (internal curing), which explains the improvement in properties at low w/c ratios. Significant increases in fracture energy (up to 60%) and flexural strength (up to 116%) suggest that CNFs are an effective toughening mechanism, acting as bridges that increase the energy required for crack propagation.



中文翻译:

纤维素纳米纤维改性水泥浆的水化和早期老化性能

在这项工作中,研究了纤维素纳米原纤维(CNFs)对水泥浆的可加工性,水合反应,微观结构,早期收缩,断裂性能,弯曲强度和抗压强度的影响。测试了六批CNF浓度可变且水灰比(w / c)(0.35)相同的批次。流量表测试表明,随着CNF剂量的增加,可加工性降低。等温量热法(IC)测试表明,三天后,由于添加了CNF,水合度(DOH)提高了8%。在第7天和第28天的热重分析(TGA)测试显示,所有糊剂的DOH均无明显变化。7天后,含0.15%CNF的混合物的抗压强度提高了31%。对于0.09%的CNF,水泥浆在28天后的抗压强度提高了26%。测试表明,在w / c = 0.30的水泥浆中,添加少量的CNF(0.06%)以及夹带0.05的额外水会使自生收缩率降低49%。为了解释结果,提出了隧道,水库和桥梁(TR&B)模型。该模型表明,正如其他人所提出的,CNF可以通过提供将水输送到未水合水泥颗粒的隧道来改变微观结构。由于它们的亲水性,CNF可以保留水并用作储层(内部固化),这解释了低w / c比下性能的改善。断裂能(高达60%)和弯曲强度(高达116%)的显着提高表明,CNF是一种有效的增韧机制,可作为增加裂纹扩展所需能量的桥梁。在含w / c = 0.30的水泥糊料中,再加上0.05%的水(含06%的水)会使自发收缩率降低49%。为了解释结果,提出了隧道,水库和桥梁(TR&B)模型。该模型表明,正如其他人所提出的,CNF可以通过提供将水输送到未水合水泥颗粒的隧道来改变微观结构。由于它们的亲水性,CNF可以保留水并用作储层(内部固化),这解释了低w / c比下性能的改善。断裂能(高达60%)和弯曲强度(高达116%)的显着提高表明,CNF是一种有效的增韧机制,可作为增加裂纹扩展所需能量的桥梁。在含w / c = 0.30的水泥浆中,再加入0.05%的水可减少49%的自生收缩率(06%)。为了解释结果,提出了隧道,水库和桥梁(TR&B)模型。该模型表明,正如其他人所提出的,CNF可以通过提供将水输送到未水合水泥颗粒的隧道来改变微观结构。由于它们的亲水性,CNF可以保留水并用作储层(内部固化),这解释了低w / c比下性能的改善。断裂能(高达60%)和弯曲强度(高达116%)的显着提高表明,CNF是一种有效的增韧机制,可作为增加裂纹扩展所需能量的桥梁。为了解释结果,提出了隧道,水库和桥梁(TR&B)模型。该模型表明,正如其他人所提出的,CNF可以通过提供将水输送到未水合水泥颗粒的隧道来改变微观结构。由于它们的亲水性,CNF可以保留水并用作储层(内部固化),这解释了低w / c比下性能的改善。断裂能(高达60%)和弯曲强度(高达116%)的显着提高表明,CNF是一种有效的增韧机制,可作为增加裂纹扩展所需能量的桥梁。为了解释结果,提出了隧道,水库和桥梁(TR&B)模型。该模型表明,正如其他人所提出的,CNF可以通过提供将水输送到未水合水泥颗粒的隧道来改变微观结构。由于它们的亲水性,CNF可以保留水并用作储层(内部固化),这解释了低w / c比下性能的改善。断裂能(高达60%)和抗弯强度(高达116%)的显着提高表明,CNF是一种有效的增韧机制,可作为增加裂纹扩展所需能量的桥梁。由于它们的亲水性,CNF可以保留水并用作储层(内部固化),这解释了低w / c比下性能的改善。断裂能(高达60%)和弯曲强度(高达116%)的显着提高表明,CNF是一种有效的增韧机制,可作为增加裂纹扩展所需能量的桥梁。由于它们的亲水性,CNF可以保留水并用作储层(内部固化),这解释了低w / c比下性能的改善。断裂能(高达60%)和弯曲强度(高达116%)的显着提高表明,CNF是一种有效的增韧机制,可作为增加裂纹扩展所需能量的桥梁。

更新日期:2020-08-28
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