An increasing number of people use the bicycle for urban trips resulting in local congestion at intersections, especially during peak hours. Understanding the queue dynamics is key to find the correct measures that can reduce the delays for cyclists without affecting other traffic modes. To this end, the discharge process of bicycle queues is studied, focusing on the impact of jam density on the queue discharge rate and how this process is affected by cyclists that merge into the queue during the discharge phase. The impact of merging cyclists is captured by a newly introduced bicycle equivalent (BE) value. This direction-specific BE value is used to convert a merging cyclist into a cyclist that is waiting in the original queue. Results show that the queue discharge rate increases with increasing density of the queue. Furthermore, cyclists that merge by overtaking contribute to the queue discharge rate, while cyclists who merge from a perpendicular direction hinder the discharge process, thereby decreasing the bicycle flow at the intersection. The insights can be used to develop measures which minimise delay at intersections and to design efficient infrastructure for bicyclists.

中文翻译：

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拥塞密度和合并的骑自行车者对排队排放率的影响

越来越多的人在城市旅行中使用自行车，导致交叉路口（特别是在高峰时段）局部拥堵。了解队列动态是找到可以减少骑车者延迟而又不影响其他交通方式的正确措施的关键。为此，对自行车队列的排放过程进行了研究，重点研究了拥堵密度对队列排放率的影响以及在排放阶段合并到队列中的骑车者如何影响这一过程。新引入的自行车当量（BE）值反映了合并自行车者的影响。该特定于方向的BE值用于将正在合并的自行车手转换为在原始队列中等待的自行车手。结果表明，排队排放率随排队密度的增加而增加。此外，通过超车合并的骑自行车者会影响排队的出行率，而从垂直方向合并的骑自行车者会阻碍放电过程，从而减少交叉路口的自行车流量。这些见解可用于制定措施，以最大程度地减少交叉路口的延误，并为自行车手设计高效的基础设施。