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Structure, processing and performance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (IUPAC Technical Report). Part 3: deformation, wear and fracture
Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-25 , DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0406
Clive Bucknall 1 , Volker Altstädt 2 , Dietmar Auhl 3 , Paul Buckley 4 , Dirk Dijkstra 5 , Andrzej Galeski 6 , Christoph Gögelein 7 , Ulrich A. Handge 8 , Jiasong He 9 , Chen-Yang Liu 9 , Goerg Michler 10 , Ewa Piorkowska 6 , Miroslav Slouf 11 , Iakovos Vittorias 12 , Jun Jie Wu 13
Affiliation  

Three grades of polyethylene, with weight-average relative molar masses, MW, of approximately 0.6 × 106, 5 × 106, and 9 × 106, were supplied as compression mouldings by a leading manufacturer of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). They were code-named PE06, PE5, and PE9, respectively. Specimens cut from these mouldings were subjected to a wide range of mechanical tests at 23 °C. In tensile tests, deformation was initially elastic and dominated by crystallinity, which was highest in PE06. Beyond the yield point, entanglement density became the dominant factor, and at 40 % strain, the rising stress–strain curves for PE5 and PE9 crossed the falling PE06 curve. Fracture occurred at strains above 150 %. Differences in stress–strain behaviour between PE5 and PE9 were relatively small. A similar pattern of behaviour was observed in wear tests; wear resistance showed a marked increase when MW was raised from 0.6 × 106 to 5 × 106, but there was no further increase when it was raised to 9 × 106. It is concluded that the unexpected similarity in behaviour between PE5 and PE9 was due to incomplete consolidation during moulding, which led to deficiencies in entanglement at grain boundaries; they were clearly visible on the surfaces of both tensile and wear specimens. Fatigue crack growth in 10 mm thick specimens was so severely affected by inadequate consolidation that it forms the basis for a separate report – Part 4 in this series.

中文翻译:

超高分子量聚乙烯的结构,加工和性能(IUPAC技术报告)。第3部分:变形,磨损和断裂

三种等级的聚乙烯,重均相对摩尔质量, 中号w ^,约0.6  ×  10 6,5  ×  10 6,和9  ×  10 6是由领先的超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)制造商提供的模压成型件。它们分别代号为PE06,PE5和PE9。从这些模制品上切下的标本在23°C下进行了广泛的机械测试。在拉伸试验中,变形最初是弹性的,并且受结晶度的支配,这在PE06中最高。在屈服点之外,缠结密度成为主要因素,在40%应变下,PE5和PE9的应力-应变曲线上升,而PE06曲线下降。高于150%的应变发生断裂。PE5和PE9之间的应力应变行为差异相对较小。在磨损测试中观察到了类似的行为模式。耐磨性显着增加中号w ^从0.6  ×  10 6增加到5  ×  10 6,但是当它增加到9  ×  10 6时没有进一步增加。结论是,PE5和PE9之间的行为异常相似是由于模制过程中的不完全固结,从而导致了晶界缠结的缺陷。在拉伸和磨损试样的表面上都清晰可见。固结不足严重影响了10毫米厚试样的疲劳裂纹扩展,以致于形成了单独报告的基础-本系列的第4部分。
更新日期:2020-09-21
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