Several factors contribute to poor irrigation management. A set of natural, social, environmental, institutional and technological variables can collectively result in complex and messy problems. Traditional engineering systems are not well suited for addressing coupled and interlinked types of problem. To this end, a hybrid network model is introduced to study the cumulative impact of these variables on the performance of irrigation projects. The model is based on the theory of complex adaptive systems and agent‐based modelling. The Gezira scheme in Sudan is used as a case study in order to convert the vicious circle through adopting an improved and most viable irrigation management system. Six key variables are selected as dominant driving forces that influence the performance of the irrigation scheme. These are scheme governance, agricultural research, agricultural inputs and technologies, farmers, water user associations and the irrigation agency responsible for operation and maintenance. The scope of the analysis is to explore the dynamics of system enhancement under different scenarios of policy intervention. The results revealed the need for balanced and diversified investment in all entities to ensure sustainable growth. The findings emphasize the importance of having interventions with moderate growth patterns that seek to enhance cooperation and positive feedback among entities.

中文翻译：

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用于改善灌溉管理的复杂自适应系统方法：以苏丹的Gezira方案为例*

有几个因素导致灌溉管理不善。一系列自然，社会，环境，体制和技术变量可能共同导致复杂而混乱的问题。传统的工程系统不太适合解决耦合和互连的问题。为此，引入了一个混合网络模型来研究这些变量对灌溉项目绩效的累积影响。该模型基于复杂的自适应系统和基于主体的建模理论。苏丹的Gezira方案用作案例研究，目的是通过采用改进的，最可行的灌溉管理系统来转变恶性循环。选择六个关键变量作为影响灌溉方案性能的主要驱动力。这些是计划治理，农业研究，农业投入物和技术，农民，用水户协会和负责运营和维护的灌溉机构。分析的范围是探索在不同政策干预方案下系统增强的动力。结果表明，需要在所有实体中进行平衡且多样化的投资，以确保可持续增长。调查结果强调采取适度增长模式的干预措施的重要性，以期加强实体之间的合作和积极反馈。结果表明，需要在所有实体中进行平衡且多样化的投资，以确保可持续增长。调查结果强调采取适度增长模式的干预措施的重要性，以期加强实体之间的合作和积极反馈。结果表明，需要在所有实体中进行平衡且多样化的投资，以确保可持续增长。调查结果强调了采取适度增长模式的干预措施的重要性，这些干预措施旨在加强实体之间的合作和积极反馈。