Abstract A new locality near Tarda on the northern margin of the Tafilalt, south eastern Morocco exposes extensive sequences of the Ifezouane and Aoufous formations of the fluvial Kem Kem Group (Cretaceous, ?Albian-Cenomanian) on the south western flank of Ikfh n’Oufza escarpment of the Hamada du Meski. The stratigraphic sequence here differs significantly from better known exposures of the Kem Kem Group in the southern Tafilalt, and includes a heterolithic sequence of alternating grey mudstones and fine sandstones and a thin (~1.5 m) marine limestone. The locality is noteworthy for three vertebrate-bearing horizons within the upper part of the Ifezouane Formation. The upper two (Sites 1 and 2 in ascending order) are dominated by dental remains of the sawfish Onchopristis and the semi-aquatic theropod dinosaur Spinosaurus. Significantly, the remains of terrestrial dinosaurs constitute less than 1% of the total dental assemblage at Site 1 and 5.6% at Site 2. At Site 2 teeth of Spinosaurus outnumber the rostral “teeth” of Onchopristis. The remarkably high abundance of spinosaur teeth compared to remains of terrestrial dinosaurs, and even some aquatic animals strongly supports Spinosaurus being a largely aquatic animal spending much of its life in water where its teeth were shed and preserved.

中文翻译：

---

埋藏学证据支持棘龙的水生生活方式

摘要 摩洛哥东南部 Tafilalt 北缘 Tarda 附近的一个新地点暴露了 Ikfh n'Oufza 西南翼的河流 Kem Kem 群（白垩纪，?Albian-Cenomanian）的 Ifezouane 和 Aoufous 地层的广泛序列Hamada du Meski 的悬崖。这里的地层序列与 Tafilalt 南部的 Kem Kem Group 出露显着不同，包括灰色泥岩和细砂岩交替的异岩层序以及薄 (~1.5 m) 海相石灰岩。该地区值得注意的是 Ifezouane 组上部的三个带脊椎动物的层位。上面的两个（按升序排列的站点 1 和站点 2）主要是锯鳐 Onchopristis 和半水生兽脚亚目恐龙棘龙的牙齿残骸。显着地，陆生恐龙的遗骸在站点 1 的牙齿组合总数中不到 1%，在站点 2 占 5.6%。在站点 2，棘龙的牙齿数量超过 Onchopristis 的嘴“牙齿”。与陆生恐龙的遗骸相比，棘龙牙齿的丰度非常高，甚至一些水生动物也强烈支持棘龙是一种主要是水生动物，它的大部分生命都在水中度过，在那里它的牙齿脱落并保存下来。