Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is a global health emergency and no clinically approved vaccines or antiviral drugs available to date. Intensive research on SARS-CoV-2 is urgently warranted to understand its pathogenesis and virulence mechanisms and to discover target-based antiviral therapeutics. Among various research logics, current bioinformatics highlights novel testable hypotheses for systematic drug repositioning and designing against COVID-19. A total of 121 articles related to bioinformatics facets of this virus were collected from the PubMed Central. The content of each investigation was comprehensively reviewed, manually curated, and included herein. Interestingly, 109 COVID-19-related literature published in 2020 (January–June) were included in this review. The present article emphasizes novel resource development on its genome structure, evolution, therapeutic targets, drug designing, and drug repurposing strategies. Genome organization, the function of coding genes, origin, and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is described in detail. Genomic insights into understanding the structure–function relationships of drug targets including spike, main protease, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2 are discussed intensively. Several molecular docking and systems pharmacology approaches have been investigated some promising antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 based on its genomic characteristics, pathogenesis mechanism, and host specificity. Perhaps, the present genomic insights of this virus will provide a lead to the researchers to design or repurpose of antiviral drugs soon and future directions to control the spread of COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) 对基于靶点的药物发现的基因组学见解。

冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行是由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的。COVID-19 是全球卫生紧急事件，迄今为止尚无临床批准的疫苗或抗病毒药物。迫切需要对 SARS-CoV-2 进行深入研究，以了解其发病机制和毒力机制，并发现基于靶点的抗病毒疗法。在各种研究逻辑中，当前的生物信息学强调针对 COVID-19 进行系统药物重新定位和设计的新颖可检验假设。从 PubMed Central 收集了总共 121 篇与该病毒的生物信息学方面相关的文章。每项调查的内容都经过全面审查、人工整理并包含在本文中。有趣的是，本综述纳入了 2020 年（1 月至 6 月）发表的 109 篇与 COVID-19 相关的文献。本文着重介绍了新资源开发的基因组结构、进化、治疗靶点、药物设计和药物再利用策略。详细描述了 SARS-CoV-2 的基因组组织、编码基因的功能、起源和进化。深入讨论了理解药物靶点结构-功能关系的基因组见解，包括 SARS-CoV-2 的刺突、主要蛋白酶和 RNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶。基于SARS-CoV-2的基因组特征、发病机制和宿主特异性，几种分子对接和系统药理学方法已经研究了一些有前途的抗SARS-CoV-2抗病毒药物。也许，