Development of bioelectrodes with multiple virtues, such as biocompatibility, flexibility, versatility and cost-effectiveness, remains a huge area of research for multiple applications. Here, we delve upon fabricating carbon electrodes using a desktop PCB printer in a cost-and-time efficient manner (less than 2 min). Such printed carbon paste electrodes have been incorporated to develop an enzyme-based glucose biofuel cell to power various low-power biomedical devices and for biosensing. The bioelectrodes were prepared by electrodepositing gold nanorods followed by the immobilization of suitable enzymes. These bioelectrodes were tested for their electrochemical behavior and was setup as a Direct Electron Transfer (DET)-based enzymatic biofuel to be amenable for various physiological fluids, like tears, human saliva, whole blood and blood serum, due to its biocompatibility and efficiency. It delivered maximum energy of 3.18 µW/cm² and 8.8 µW/cm² from tears and human serum, respectively. These fabricated electrodes have huge potential to be incorporated in miniaturized devices as a renewable energy source for implantable and self-powered bioelectronics.

具有多种优点的生物电极的开发，例如生物相容性，柔性，多功能性和成本效益，仍然是多种应用研究的巨大领域。在这里，我们研究了使用台式PCB打印机以节省成本和时间的方式（不到2分钟）来制造碳电极。已经掺入了这种印刷的碳糊电极以开发基于酶的葡萄糖生物燃料电池，以为各种低功率生物医学设备提供动力并用于生物传感。通过电沉积金纳米棒，然后固定合适的酶来制备生物电极。测试了这些生物电极的电化学行为，并将其设置为基于直接电子转移（DET）的酶生物燃料，适用于各种生理流体，例如眼泪，人唾液，全血和血清，由于其生物相容性和效率。它提供的最大能量为3.18 µW / cm分别来自眼泪和人血清的²和8.8 µW / cm ²。这些制造的电极具有巨大的潜力，可作为可植入和自供电生物电子的可再生能源，并入小型化设备。