Implants have been considered the treatment of choice to replace missing teeth, unfortunately, peri-implant disease is still an unresolved issue. Contaminated implants may be decontaminated by physical debridement and chemical disinfectants; however, there is a lack of consensus regarding the ideal techniques/agents to be used for the decontamination. The objective of our study was to compare the decontaminating efficacy of different chemical agents on a titanium surface contaminated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, a typical representative of the bacterial flora associated with peri-implantitis. Commercially pure Ti grade 4 discs with a polished surface were treated with a mouthwash containing chlorhexidine digluconate (0.1%), povidone-iodine (PVP-iodine) solution (10%) or citric acid monohydrate (40%). Qualitative and quantitative assessment of cellular growth and survival were assessed by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Significant differences in the quantity of P. gingivalis could be observed after 6 days of incubation. A numerical, but not statistically significant (P = 0.066) decrease in the amount of living bacteria was observed in the group treated with the PVP-iodine solution as compared to the control group. The chlorhexidine (CHX)-treated group presented with significantly higher cell counts, as compared to the PVP-iodine-treated group (P = 0.032), while this was not observed compared to the control group and citric acid-treated group. Our results have also been verified by SEM measurements. Our results suggest that for P. gingivalis contamination on a titanium surface in vitro, PVP-iodine is a superior decontaminant, compared to citric acid and chlorhexidine-digulconate solution.

中文翻译：

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用于治疗种植体周围炎的不同去污溶液对牙龈卟啉单胞菌生长的影响-体外研究。

植入物已被认为是替代缺牙的一种治疗方法，不幸的是，植入物周围疾病仍未解决。被污染的植入物可能会被物理清创术和化学消毒剂所污染；然而，对于用于净化的理想技术/试剂缺乏共识。我们研究的目的是比较被牙龈卟啉单胞菌污染的钛表面上不同化学试剂的去污效果，牙龈卟啉单胞菌是与种植体周围炎相关的典型菌群。用含洗必泰二葡萄糖酸酯（0.1％），聚维酮碘（PVP-碘）溶液（10％）或柠檬酸一水合物（40％）的漱口水处理表面光滑的商业纯钛4级圆片。通过3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基溴化四氮唑（MTT）测定和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对细胞生长和存活进行定性和定量评估。温育6天后，可以观察到牙龈卟啉单胞菌数量的显着差异。与对照组相比，在用PVP-碘溶液处理的组中观察到了活菌数量的数值下降，但无统计学意义（P = 0.066）。氯己定（CHX）处理组的细胞计数明显高于PVP碘处理组（P = 0.032），而对照组和柠檬酸处理组则未观察到。我们的结果也已通过SEM测量得到验证。我们的结果表明对于P。