Abstract Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) is an important physiological inhibitor of the thioredoxin (TXN) redox system in cells. Regulation of TXNIP expression and/or activity not only plays an important role in redox regulation but also exerts redox-independent physiological effects that exhibit direct pathophysiological consequences including elevated inflammatory response, aberrant glucose metabolism, cellular senescence and apoptosis, cellular immunity, and tumorigenesis. This review provides a brief overview of the current knowledge concerning the redox-dependent and independent roles of TXNIP and its relevance to various disease states. The implications for the therapeutic targeting of TXNIP will also be discussed.

中文翻译：

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硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白的氧化还原依赖性和独立作用

摘要 硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白（TXNIP）是细胞内硫氧还蛋白（TXN）氧化还原系统的重要生理抑制剂。TXNIP 表达和/或活性的调节不仅在氧化还原调节中起重要作用，而且还发挥不依赖氧化还原的生理作用，表现出直接的病理生理后果，包括炎症反应升高、异常葡萄糖代谢、细胞衰老和凋亡、细胞免疫和肿瘤发生。本综述简要概述了当前关于 TXNIP 的氧化还原依赖性和独立作用及其与各种疾病状态的相关性的知识。还将讨论对 TXNIP 治疗靶向的影响。