Abstract The herbicides may have adverse effects on the soil microorganism. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of herbicides pendimethalin and imazethapyr and mixture thereof on the growth of Rhizobium leguminosarum M-1, Rhizobium leguminosarum LSMR-1 and Strenotrophomonas maltophilia RB-3 in vitro and on soil microflora (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) at field conditions. The tolerance of Rhizobium and Stenotrophomonas to pendimethalin at 180–1980 mg/L and imazethapyr at 26–200 mg/L and mixtures thereof in nutrient media was tested. The tolerance for pendimethalin was higher than for imazethapyr. In field experiments with mungbean, the effects of pendimethalin alone as well as in mixture with imazethaypr at 0.45 and 0.75 kg ha−1 (applied as pre-emergence) and imazethapyr at 50 and 75 g ha−1 (applied at 15 and 25 days after sowing) in the rainy and summer season were tested. Pendimethalin and its mixture with imazethapyr did not influence the population of fungi and actinomycetes in rhizosphere (0–10 cm soil depth) at 35 days after sowing and at harvest. Imazethapyr treatments recorded inhibitory effects on bacterial population in rhizosphere at 35 days after sowing but no adverse effect was observed at harvest. Pendimethalin alone and in mixture with imazethapyr were found safe to investigated microorganism groups.

中文翻译：

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胺硝草和咪草烟对微生物体外和田间发育的影响

摘要 除草剂可能对土壤微生物产生不利影响。本研究的目的是研究除草剂二甲戊灵和咪草烟及其混合物对豆类根瘤菌 M-1、豆类根瘤菌 LSMR-1 和嗜麦芽窄食链球菌 RB-3 的体外生长和土壤微生物群落（细菌、真菌和放线菌）在田间条件下。测试了根瘤菌和窄养单胞菌对 180-1980 毫克/升二甲戊灵和 26-200 毫克/升咪草烟及其混合物在营养培养基中的耐受性。对二甲戊灵的耐受性高于咪草烟。在绿豆的田间试验中，单独使用二甲戊灵以及与咪唑沙普混合使用 0.45 和 0 的效果。在雨季和夏季测试了 75 kg ha-1（芽前施用）和咪草烟 50 和 75 g ha-1（播种后 15 天和 25 天施用）。在播种后 35 天和收获时，二甲戊灵及其与咪草烟的混合物不影响根际（0-10 厘米土壤深度）中真菌和放线菌的数量。在播种后 35 天，咪草烟处理记录了对根际细菌种群的抑制作用，但在收获时未观察到不利影响。发现单独的二甲戊灵和与咪唑乙烟酸的混合物对研究的微生物群是安全的。在播种后 35 天，咪草烟处理记录了对根际细菌种群的抑制作用，但在收获时未观察到不利影响。发现单独的二甲戊灵和与咪唑乙烟酸的混合物对研究的微生物群是安全的。在播种后 35 天，咪草烟处理记录了对根际细菌种群的抑制作用，但在收获时未观察到不利影响。发现单独的二甲戊灵和与咪唑乙烟酸的混合物对研究的微生物群是安全的。