Abstract

This study investigated the effect of shaddock peels extract on cognitive function in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats. Wistar rats were pretreated with shaddock peels extract (50 and 100 mg/kg) and donepezil (5 mg/kg) for fourteen days via oral administration. Memory impairment was induced at the end of the treatment period via a single intraperitoneal administration of scopolamine (3 mg/kg). Thereafter, the animals were subjected to behavioral studies (Morris water maze and Y-maze tests). Finally, the rats were sacrificed and the hippocampus of the rat's brain was isolated for biochemical analyses. The results showed a significant decrease in memory and cognitive function as revealed by Morris water maze and Y-maze tests in scopolamine-induced rats which were reversed by shaddock peels extract. Also, there was a significant decrease in the activity of adenosine monophosphohydrolase (AMPase) with a simultaneous increase in activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA), adenosine triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (ATPdase), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in scopolamine-induced rats when compared with the control. Besides, a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were observed in scopolamine-induced rats. However, donepezil or shaddock peels extract (50 and 100 mg/kg) caused a significant inhibitory effect on AChE, and ADA activities when compared to scopolamine-induced rats. Rats treated with shaddock peels extract also showed a significant reduction in MDA and ROS levels compared to scopolamine-induced rats. Therefore, our findings showed that the cognitive-enhancing effects of shaddock peels extract could be due to antioxidant activities and modulation of some enzymes linked with cognitive dysfunction.

摘要

本研究调查了柚子皮提取物对东莨菪碱致失忆大鼠认知功能的影响。Wistar 大鼠通过口服给药用柚皮提取物（50 和 100 毫克/千克）和多奈哌齐（5 毫克/千克）预处理 14 天。在治疗期结束时通过单次腹膜内给予东莨菪碱 (3 mg/kg) 诱导记忆障碍。此后，对动物进行行为研究（莫里斯水迷宫和 Y 迷宫测试）。最后，处死大鼠，分离大鼠大脑的海马体进行生化分析。结果表明，东莨菪碱诱导的大鼠的 Morris 水迷宫和 Y 迷宫试验显示，其记忆和认知功能显着下降，而柚子皮提取物可逆转这一现象。还，与东莨菪碱诱导的大鼠相比，腺苷单磷酸水解酶 (AMPase) 的活性显着降低，同时腺苷脱氨酶 (ADA)、三磷酸腺苷二磷酸水解酶 (ATPdase)、乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 和丁酰胆碱酯酶 (BChE) 的活性增加与控制。此外，在东莨菪碱诱导的大鼠中观察到丙二醛（MDA）和活性氧（ROS）水平显着增加。然而，与东莨菪碱诱导的大鼠相比，多奈哌齐或柚子皮提取物（50 和 100 mg/kg）对 AChE 和 ADA 活性有显着抑制作用。与东莨菪碱诱导的大鼠相比，用柚子皮提取物处理的大鼠的 MDA 和 ROS 水平也显着降低。所以，