We utilized methods of sediment cultivation, catalyzed reporter deposition− fluorescence in situ hybridization, scanning electron microscopy, and 16s rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the presence of novel filamentous cable bacteria (CB) in estuarine sediments bioturbated by the mud shrimp Upogebia pugettensis Dana and also to test for trophic connections between the shrimp, its commensal bivalve (Neaeromya rugifera), and the sediment. Agglutinated sediments from the linings of shrimp burrows exhibited higher abundances of CB compared to surrounding suboxic and anoxic sediments. Furthermore, CB abundance and activity increased in these sediments when they were incubated under oxygenated seawater. Through core microbiome analysis, we found that the microbiomes of the shrimp and bivalve shared 181 taxa with the sediment bacterial community, and that these shared taxa represented 17.9% of all reads. Therefore, bacterial biomass in the burrow sediment lining is likely a major food source for both the shrimp and the bivalve. The biogeochemical conditions created by shrimp burrows and other irrigators may help promote the growth of CB and select for other dominant members of the bacterial community, particularly a variety of members of the Proteobacteria. These associations give new understanding to the ecology of a burrowing crustacean that is common, but in decline, throughout intertidal mudflats of Northeastern Pacific estuaries.

中文翻译：

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Upogebia pugetensis 洞穴沉积物中电缆细菌的存在和微生物组分析

我们利用沉积物培养、催化报告基因沉积-荧光原位杂交、扫描电子显微镜和 16s rRNA 基因测序的方法来研究由泥虾 Upogebia pugettensis Dana 生物扰动的河口沉积物中新型丝状电缆细菌 (CB) 的存在。测试虾、其共生双壳类动物（Neaeromya rugifera）和沉积物之间的营养联系。与周围的缺氧和缺氧沉积物相比，来自虾洞穴内壁的凝集沉积物显示出更高的 CB 丰度。此外，当它们在含氧海水中孵育时，这些沉积物中的 CB 丰度和活性增加。通过核心微生物组分析，我们发现虾和双壳类的微生物组与沉积物细菌群落共有 181 个分类群，并且这些共享类群占所有读数的 17.9%。因此，洞穴沉积物衬里中的细菌生物量可能是虾和双壳类动物的主要食物来源。虾洞和其他灌溉设施创造的生物地球化学条件可能有助于促进 CB 的生长并选择细菌群落的其他主要成员，特别是变形菌的各种成员。这些关联使人们对在东北太平洋河口潮间带泥滩中很常见但数量在减少的穴居甲壳类动物的生态有了新的认识。虾洞和其他灌溉设施创造的生物地球化学条件可能有助于促进 CB 的生长并选择细菌群落的其他主要成员，特别是变形菌的各种成员。这些关联使人们对在东北太平洋河口潮间带泥滩中很常见但数量在减少的穴居甲壳类动物的生态有了新的认识。虾洞和其他灌溉设施创造的生物地球化学条件可能有助于促进 CB 的生长并选择细菌群落的其他主要成员，特别是变形菌的各种成员。这些关联使人们对在东北太平洋河口潮间带泥滩中很常见但数量在减少的穴居甲壳类动物的生态有了新的认识。