Delay discounting is the process by which a commodity loses value as the delay to its receipt increases. Rapid discounting predicts various maladaptive behaviors including tobacco use. Typically, delay discounting of different outcomes has been compared between cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. To better understand the relationship of delay discounting to different modes of tobacco use, we examined the differences in delay discounting of different outcomes between cigarette smokers, smokeless tobacco users, e‐cigarette users, and non‐tobacco users. In the present study, all participants completed 8 titrating delay‐discounting tasks: $100 gain, $500 gain, $500 loss, alcohol, entertainment, food, a temporary health gain, and a temporary cure from a disease. Non‐tobacco users discounted most outcomes less than tobacco users overall; however, there were no differences in discounting among the different types of tobacco users. These results suggest that nicotine consumption of any kind is associated with a higher degree of impulsivity compared to non‐tobacco users. Adoption of tobacco products that have been perceived as less harmful (e.g., e‐cigarettes) is not associated with a baseline difference or decrease in delay discounting if adopted after a history of cigarette use.

中文翻译：

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吸烟者、无烟烟草使用者、电子烟使用者和非烟草使用者不同结果的延迟折扣比较。

延迟折扣是商品随着收货延迟的增加而失去价值的过程。快速折扣可预测包括烟草使用在内的各种适应不良行为。通常，在吸烟者和不吸烟者之间比较了不同结果的延迟贴现。为了更好地了解延迟折扣与不同烟草使用模式的关系，我们检查了吸烟者、无烟烟草使用者、电子烟使用者和非烟草使用者之间不同结果的延迟折扣的差异。在本研究中，所有参与者完成了 8 项滴定延迟折扣任务：获得 100 美元、获得 500 美元、损失 500 美元、酒精、娱乐、食物、暂时的健康收益和疾病的暂时治愈。非烟草使用者对大多数结果的折扣低于整体烟草使用者；然而，不同类型的烟草使用者之间的折扣没有差异。这些结果表明，与非烟草使用者相比，任何类型的尼古丁消费都与更高程度的冲动有关。如果在有卷烟使用史之后采用被认为危害较小的烟草产品（例如电子烟），则与基线差异或延迟折扣减少无关。