Approximately 25% of the population suffers from skin diseases. The most common forms of skin diseases are the inflammatory skin diseases such as allergic contact dermatitis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. These diseases are described as T cell–mediated diseases induced by either allergens or autoantigens. Classically, the focus has been on the role of αβ T cells, but it is becoming increasingly clear that γδ T cells play a central role in inflammatory skin diseases. In particular, an important role of IL‐17A–producing γδ T cells in these inflammatory skin diseases has been shown in various disease models in mice. Interestingly, various epidermal proteins, which appear to be linked to inflammatory conditions in the skin by yet undescribed mechanisms, are expressed by specific subsets of thymic epithelial cells and mutations in these proteins seem to affect γδ T cell development. The focus of this review is how mutations in epidermal proteins affect γδ T cell development and how γδ T cells, and in particular of IL‐17A–producing γδ T cells, contribute to inflammatory skin diseases such as allergic contact dermatitis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis.

中文翻译：

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γδ T 细胞和炎症性皮肤病。

大约 25% 的人口患有皮肤病。最常见的皮肤病是炎症性皮肤病，例如过敏性接触性皮炎、牛皮癣和特应性皮炎。这些疾病被描述为由过敏原或自身抗原诱导的 T 细胞介导的疾病。传统上，重点一直放在 αβ T 细胞的作用上，但越来越清楚的是，γδ T 细胞在炎症性皮肤病中起着核心作用。特别是，产生 IL-17A 的 γδ T 细胞在这些炎症性皮肤病中的重要作用已在小鼠的各种疾病模型中得到证实。有趣的是，各种表皮蛋白似乎通过尚未描述的机制与皮肤炎症有关，由特定的胸腺上皮细胞亚群表达，这些蛋白质的突变似乎会影响 γδ T 细胞的发育。本综述的重点是表皮蛋白的突变如何影响 γδ T 细胞发育，以及 γδ T 细胞，特别是产生 IL-17A 的γδ T 细胞如何导致炎症性皮肤病，如过敏性接触性皮炎、银屑病和特应性皮炎皮炎。