Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with autonomic nervous system dysfunction. The understanding of this autonomic dysregulation remains incomplete and treatment recommendations are lacking. By searching literature regarding childhood brain injury, we wanted to see whether understanding autonomic dysregulation following childhood brain injury as a prototype can help us better understand the autonomic dysregulation in RTT. Thirty-one (31) articles were identified and following thematic analysis the three main themes that emerged were (A) Recognition of Autonomic Dysregulation, (B) Possible Mechanisms & Assessment of Autonomic Dysregulation and (C) Treatment of Autonomic Dysregulation. We conclude that in patients with RTT (I) anatomically, thalamic and hypothalamic function should be explored, (II) sensory issues and medication induced side effects that can worsen autonomic function should be considered, and (III) diaphoresis and dystonia ought to be better managed. Our synthesis of data from autonomic dysregulation in paediatric brain injury has led to increased knowledge and a better understanding of its underpinnings, leading to the development of application protocols in children with RTT.

Rett综合征（RTT）是一种具有自主神经系统功能异常的复杂神经发育障碍。对这种植物神经调节异常的了解仍然不完整，缺乏治疗建议。通过搜索有关儿童期脑损伤的文献，我们希望了解将儿童期脑损伤后的自主神经功能失调作为原型是否可以帮助我们更好地了解RTT中的自主神经失调。确定了31篇文章（31），并通过主题分析，出现了三个主要主题：（A）自主神经调节异常的认识，（B）自主神经调节异常的可能机制和评估以及（C）自主神经调节异常的治疗。我们的结论是，在解剖学上具有RTT（I）的患者中，应探索丘脑和下丘脑功能，（II）应考虑会导致自主神经功能恶化的感官问题和药物引起的副作用，并且（III）应更好地处理发汗和肌张力障碍。我们从小儿脑损伤的自主神经失调中提取的数据综合起来，导致知识的增加和对其基础的更好的理解，从而导致了RTT儿童应用协议的发展。