Childhood adversity is heterogeneous with potentially distinct dimensions of violence exposure and social deprivation. These dimensions may differentially shape emotion-based neural circuitry, such as amygdala–PFC white matter connectivity. Amygdala–orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) white matter connectivity has been linked to regulation of the amygdala’s response to emotional stimuli. Using a preregistered analysis plan, we prospectively examined the effects of childhood exposure to two dimensions of adversity, violence exposure and social deprivation, on the adolescent amygdala–PFC white matter connectivity. We also reproduced the negative correlation between amygdala–PFC white matter connectivity and amygdala activation to threat faces. 183 15−17-year-olds were recruited from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study — a longitudinal, birth cohort, sample of predominantly low-income youth. Probabilistic tractography revealed that childhood violence exposure and social deprivation interacted to predict the probability of adolescent right hemisphere amygdala–OFC white matter connectivity. High violence exposure with high social deprivation related to less amygdala–OFC white matter connectivity. Violence exposure was not associated with white matter connectivity when social deprivation was at mean or low levels (i.e., relatively socially supportive contexts). Therefore, social deprivation may exacerbate the effects of childhood violence exposure on the development of white matter connections involved in emotion processing and regulation. Conversely, social support may buffer against them.

童年逆境是异质的，具有潜在的不同维度的暴力暴露和社会剥夺。这些维度可能会不同地塑造基于情绪的神经回路，例如杏仁核-PFC 白质连接。杏仁核 - 眶额皮质 (OFC) 白质连接与调节杏仁核对情绪刺激的反应有关。使用预先注册的分析计划，我们前瞻性地研究了童年时期暴露于逆境、暴力暴露和社会剥夺这两个维度对青少年杏仁核-PFC 白质连接的影响。我们还重现了杏仁核-PFC 白质连接与杏仁核激活与威胁面之间的负相关。183 名 15-17 岁的儿童从脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究中招募——纵向研究，出生队列，主要是低收入青年的样本。概率牵引成像显示，儿童暴力暴露和社会剥夺相互作用以预测青少年右半球杏仁核-OFC 白质连接的概率。高暴力暴露和高社会剥夺与较少的杏仁核-OFC 白质连接有关。当社会剥夺处于平均或低水平（即相对社会支持的环境）时，暴力暴露与白质连通性无关。因此，社会剥夺可能会加剧儿童暴力暴露对参与情绪处理和调节的白质连接发展的影响。相反，社会支持可能会对他们起到缓冲作用。概率牵引成像显示，儿童暴力暴露和社会剥夺相互作用以预测青少年右半球杏仁核-OFC 白质连接的概率。高暴力暴露和高社会剥夺与较少的杏仁核-OFC 白质连接有关。当社会剥夺处于平均或低水平（即相对社会支持的环境）时，暴力暴露与白质连通性无关。因此，社会剥夺可能会加剧儿童暴力暴露对参与情绪处理和调节的白质连接发展的影响。相反，社会支持可能会对他们起到缓冲作用。概率牵引成像显示，儿童暴力暴露和社会剥夺相互作用以预测青少年右半球杏仁核-OFC 白质连接的概率。高暴力暴露和高社会剥夺与较少的杏仁核-OFC 白质连接有关。当社会剥夺处于平均或低水平（即相对社会支持的环境）时，暴力暴露与白质连通性无关。因此，社会剥夺可能会加剧儿童暴力暴露对参与情绪处理和调节的白质连接发展的影响。相反，社会支持可能会对他们起到缓冲作用。高暴力暴露和高社会剥夺与较少的杏仁核-OFC 白质连接有关。当社会剥夺处于平均或低水平（即相对社会支持的环境）时，暴力暴露与白质连通性无关。因此，社会剥夺可能会加剧儿童暴力暴露对参与情绪处理和调节的白质连接发展的影响。相反，社会支持可能会对他们起到缓冲作用。高暴力暴露和高社会剥夺与较少的杏仁核-OFC 白质连接有关。当社会剥夺处于平均或低水平（即相对社会支持的环境）时，暴力暴露与白质连通性无关。因此，社会剥夺可能会加剧儿童暴力暴露对参与情绪处理和调节的白质连接发展的影响。相反，社会支持可能会对他们起到缓冲作用。社会剥夺可能会加剧儿童暴力暴露对参与情绪处理和调节的白质连接发展的影响。相反，社会支持可能会对他们起到缓冲作用。社会剥夺可能会加剧儿童暴力暴露对参与情绪处理和调节的白质连接发展的影响。相反，社会支持可能会对他们起到缓冲作用。