The deterioration of the sleeper support on the ballasted track begins with the accumulation of sleeper voids. The increased dynamic loading in the voided zone and the ballast contact conditions cause the accelerated growth of the settlements in the voided zones, which results in the appearance of local instabilities like ballast breakdown, white spots, subgrade defects, etc. The recent detection and quantification of the sleeper voids with track-side and onboard monitoring can help to avoid or delay the development of local instabilities. The present paper is devoted to the study of the dynamic behavior of railway track with sleeper voids in the ballast breakdown zone. The result of the experimental track-side measurements of rail acceleration and deflection is presented. The analysis shows the existence of the dynamic impact during wheel entry in the voided zone. However, the measured dynamic impact is subjected to the bias of the track-side measurement method. Both the mechanism of the impact and the measurement aspects are explained by using the one-beam model on viscoelastic foundation. The void features in the dynamic behavior are analyzed for the purpose of track-side and onboard monitoring. A practical method of the void parameter quantification is proposed.

道track轨道上的轨枕支撑的恶化始于轨枕空隙的积累。空隙区域中动态载荷的增加和压载物接触条件导致空隙区域中沉降物的加速生长，从而导致出现局部不稳定性，如压载物破裂，白斑，路基缺陷等。最近的检测和定量轨道旁和机载监控器对卧铺空隙的检测有助于避免或延缓局部不稳定性的发展。本文致力于在道ast击穿区具有轨枕空隙的铁路轨道的动态行为研究。给出了轨道加速度和挠度的实验性轨道侧测量结果。分析表明在空区进入车轮期间存在动态冲击。但是，所测得的动态冲击会受到履带侧测量方法的影响。通过使用粘弹性地基上的单梁模型来解释冲击的机理和测量方面。分析动态行为中的空隙特征，以进行轨道侧和车载监控。提出了一种实用的空隙参数量化方法。