In this study comprehensive palaeofloristic data of lower Miocene deposits from the Soma Basin, western Anatolia is presented considering the stratigraphical concept. The sediments of the basin, derived from outcrop sections, were deposited in the terrestrial environment. The basin includes three different successions: lower and middle lignite successions of the Soma Formation and upper lignite succession of the Deniş Formation. In this paper, we address the early Miocene palaeoecology via pollen and leaf assemblages from the Soma Basin, dated precisely using radiometric data. High percentages of Cupressaceae in the lower lignite succession of the Soma Formation, and minor quantities of elements such as Carya, Nyssa, Myrica, Ulmus and Salix reflect a local riparian and swamp vegetation. Marls overlying the lower lignite succession represent an environment close to the source area, with a variety of flora. During the deposition of middle lignite succession wet conditions played an essential role in the swamp forest fostering some distance transport of pollen which reflect the mesophytic forest vegetation as well as higher altitudes in the hinterland. The high percentages of lacustrine plankton Botryococcus and presence of Spirogyra in the upper lignite succession of the Deniş Formation imply a shallow water environment with less rainfall surrounded by evergreen and deciduous mixed forest.

在这项研究中，考虑到地层学概念，提出了安那托利亚西部索马盆地下中新世沉积的综合古植物数据。来自露头部分的盆地沉积物沉积在陆地环境中。该盆地包括三个不同的演替阶段：索马组的下部和中部褐煤演替和丹尼什组的上部褐煤演替。在本文中，我们通过来自索马盆地的花粉和叶片组合研究了中新世早期的古生态学，精确地使用了辐射数据。索马组下部褐煤演替中柏科的比例很高，而少量元素如山核桃，妮莎，杨梅，乌尔姆斯和柳反映当地的河岸和沼泽植被。覆在下部褐煤演替上的泥灰岩代表着靠近源区的环境，有各种植物。在中褐煤演替过程中，湿润条件在沼泽森林中起着至关重要的作用，促进了花粉的一些远距离运输，这些花粉反映了中生森林植被以及腹地的更高海拔。湖泊浮游生物的高百分比的葡萄和存在水绵在丹尼斯组上部褐煤继承意味着浅水环境降雨更少常绿落叶混交林包围。