The evaluation of genetic diversity in a gene pool contributes to the effective selection of genotypes and truncates the breeding time. In the present study, 96 durum wheat genotypes were evaluated for (1) genotypic diversity using two DNA marker systems: CAAT box-derived polymorphism (CBDP) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers and (2) phenotypic diversity using several drought-adaptive traits under rainfed conditions for two cropping seasons. Our results revealed that the ISSR primers produced 99 bands across the genotypes, the average of which was 6 fragments per primer, whereas CBDP primers generated 70 polymorphic bands, with an average of 5.3 fragments per primer. The values of marker index (MI) and polymorphism information content (PIC) indicated that CBDP markers were more efficient than ISSR markers for detection of genetic diversity in durum wheat. The average of PIC values for the CBDP and ISSR markers were 0.40 and 0.23, respectively. Based on the values of Shannon index (I) ICARDA population had a higher than CIMMYT population and the heterozygosis values confirmed these results. Dendrogram was created with a neighbor-joining clustering method. The studied genotypes were divided into five and seven groups based on data from the CBDP and ISSR markers, respectively, which was supported by principal coordinate analyses. The results of genotype by trait biplot analysis showed different patterns of interaction accessions and traits across years. High level of diversity among the studied accessions based on each studies trait was observed.

中文翻译：

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利用农业形态性状和分子标记研究硬粒小麦基因型微型核集的遗传多样性

基因库中遗传多样性的评估有助于有效选择基因型并缩短育种时间。在本研究中，使用两种 DNA 标记系统评估了 96 个硬粒小麦基因型的 (1) 基因型多样性：CAAT 盒衍生多态性 (CBDP) 和简单序列间重复序列 (ISSR) 标记和 (2) 使用几种干旱的表型多样性-两个作物季节在雨养条件下的适应性特征。我们的结果表明，ISSR 引物在基因型中产生 99 个条带，每个引物平均产生 6 个片段，而 CBDP 引物产生 70 个多态性条带，每个引物平均产生 5.3 个片段。标记指数(MI)和多态性信息含量(PIC)值表明CBDP标记比ISSR标记更有效地检测硬粒小麦遗传多样性。CBDP 和 ISSR 标记的 PIC 值的平均值分别为 0.40 和 0.23。基于香农指数(I)的值，ICARDA群体高于CIMMYT群体，杂合度值证实了这些结果。树状图是使用邻居加入聚类方法创建的。研究的基因型分别根据来自 CBDP 和 ISSR 标记的数据分为五组和七组，这得到了主坐标分析的支持。通过性状双标分析得到的基因型结果显示了不同年份间相互作用种质和性状的不同模式。