We review the recent experimental and theoretical progress in K -shell detachment studies of atomic anions. On the experimental side, this field has largely benefitted from technical advances at 3rd generation synchrotron radiation sources. For multiple detachment of C − , O − , and F − ions, recent results were obtained at the photon-ion merged-beams setup PIPE which is a permanent end station at beamline P04 of the PETRA III synchrotron light source in Hamburg, Germany. In addition to a much increased photon flux as compared to what was available previously, the PIPE setup has an extraordinary detection sensitivity for heavy charged reaction products that allows one to study detachment processes with extremely low cross sections in the kilobarn range, e.g., for processes involving the simultaneous creation of two core-holes by a single photon as observed in the net triple detachment of F − and the net five-fold detachment of C −<...

中文翻译：

---

通过单孔和双孔的创建使原子阴离子进行多次光解

我们回顾了原子阴离子的K壳分离研究的最新实验和理论进展。在实验方面，该领域在很大程度上受益于第三代同步加速器辐射源的技术进步。对于C-，O-和F-离子的多次分离，最近的结果是在光子离子合并光束设置PIPE上获得的，该设备是位于德国汉堡的PETRA III同步加速器光源的光束线P04上的永久性终端站。PIPE装置不仅具有比以前更高的光子通量，而且对重电荷反应产物具有非凡的检测灵敏度，从而使人们能够研究在千bar范围内具有极低横截面的分离过程，例如，