In this study, a finite-element simulation model was established for a two-dimensional hydraulic cylinder seal structure with highly nonlinear materials and contacts for achieving the optimal sealing effect with the structure. The effects of gaps as well as single and double O-rings on the sealing effect were examined. On the basis of this examination, a parametric model was developed for double-O-rings without gaps, which are suitable for hydraulic cylinder sealing. Suitable design variables, objective functions, and constraint conditions were determined for the parametric model. Then, a surrogate model was fitted and optimised through a constrained Latin hypercube method, an interpolating recmultiquadric radial basis function method, and the genetic algorithm. The results indicate that the seal and seal groove structures obtained through optimisation with the surrogate model provide a superior sealing effect to unoptimised structures. Therefore, the combination of the developed surrogate model and finite-element method can provide a theoretical reference for the design of the sealing structure of hydraulic cylinders.

中文翻译：

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基于替代模型的液压缸密封结构优化设计

在这项研究中，建立了具有高度非线性材料和接触的二维液压缸密封结构的有限元仿真模型，以实现与该结构的最佳密封效果。研究了间隙以及单个和两个O形圈对密封效果的影响。在此检查的基础上，为无间隙的双O形圈开发了参数模型，该模型适用于液压缸密封。为参数模型确定了合适的设计变量，目标函数和约束条件。然后，通过约束拉丁超立方体方法，插值二次方径向基函数方法和遗传算法对代理模型进行拟合和优化。结果表明，通过替代模型的优化获得的密封和密封槽结构对未优化的结构提供了优异的密封效果。因此，所开发的替代模型与有限元方法的结合可以为液压缸密封结构的设计提供理论参考。