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Mucoidy, a general mechanism for maintaining lytic phage in populations of bacteria.
FEMS Microbiology Ecology ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-26 , DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa162
Waqas Chaudhry 1 , Esther Lee 1 , Andrew Worthy 1 , Zoe Weiss 1 , Marcin Grabowicz 2, 3, 4 , Nicole Vega 1 , Bruce Levin 1, 2
Affiliation  

We present evidence that phage resistance resulting from overproduction of exopolysaccharides, mucoidy, provides a general answer to the longstanding question of how lytic viruses are maintained in populations dominated by bacteria upon which they cannot replicate. In serial transfer culture, populations of mucoid E. coli MG1655 that are resistant to lytic phages with different receptors, and thereby requiring independent mutations for surface resistance, are capable of maintaining these phages with little effect on their total density. Based on the results of our analysis of a mathematical model, we postulate that the maintenance of phage in populations dominated by mucoid cells can be attributed primarily to high rates of transition from the resistant mucoid states to susceptible non-mucoid states. Our tests with both population dynamic and single cell experiments as well as genomic analysis are consistent with this hypothesis. We discuss reasons for the generalized resistance of these mucoid E. coli, and the genetic and molecular mechanisms responsible for the high rate of transition from mucoid to sensitive states responsible for the maintenance of lytic phage in mucoid populations of E. coli.

中文翻译:

Mucoidy,一种在细菌种群中维持裂解性噬菌体的一般机制。

我们提供的证据表明,由于胞外多糖过量产生的噬菌体抗性,呈粘液状,为长期存在的问题提供了普遍答案,即溶菌病毒如何在不能复制的细菌主导的种群中得以维持。在连续转移培养中,粘液状大肠杆菌的种群MG1655对具有不同受体的裂解噬菌体具有抗性,因此需要表面突变的独立突变,因此能够维持这些噬菌体而对其总密度几乎没有影响。基于我们对数学模型的分析结果,我们推测,以粘液样细胞为主的种群中噬菌体的维持主要归因于从抗性粘液态到易感非粘液态的高转化率。我们对种群动态和单细胞实验以及基因组分析的测试均与该假设一致。我们讨论了这些粘液状大肠杆菌普遍耐药的原因,以及负责从黏液样到敏感状态的高速率转化的遗传和分子机制,这些状态负责维持大肠杆菌黏液样群体的裂解噬菌体
更新日期:2020-08-26
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