Abstract A simple chemical route was adopted for the preparation of adsorbent to remove fluoride in the simulation solution. In this study, commercially activated carbon (CAC) was used as the raw material, HNO3 (20 wt%), La(NO3)3·2H2O (0.05 mol/L), and Al(NO3)3 (0.10 mol/L) were employed as modification reagents to successfully prepare the CAC adsorbent loaded with the elements La and Al (La(iii)–Al(iii)–CAC). The modified adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. The effects of variables such as solution pH, adsorption time, initial concentrations, and volume of solution were investigated on adsorption efficiency by the response surface method (RSM). Under optimum conditions, specified as a pH value of 6, an adsorption time of 1.2 h, an initial concentration of 30 mg/L, a solution volume of 25 mL, and the value of R F can reach at 74.11%. From the RSM analysis, the pH value was a significant factor in the adsorption process and the order for these key factors was as follows: pH > adsorption time > solution volume. Meanwhile, there were interactions among these factors. Chemical modification had an important role in pore structure generation and functional group of adsorbent to improve the adsorption efficiency. The removal performance of adsorbent on simulation solution of fluoride also showed the feasibility of adsorbent to be applied in industrial purposes.

中文翻译：

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化学途径改性La(iii)-Al(iii)-活性炭对氟化物去除效率的优化

摘要 采用简单的化学途径制备吸附剂以去除模拟溶液中的氟化物。本研究以商用活性炭 (CAC) 为原料，HNO3 (20 wt%)、La(NO3)3·2H2O (0.05 mol/L) 和 Al(NO3)3 (0.10 mol/L)被用作改性试剂以成功制备负载有元素 La 和 Al (La(iii)–Al(iii)–CAC) 的 CAC 吸附剂。通过扫描电子显微镜、能量色散光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱测量对改性吸附剂进行了表征。通过响应面法 (RSM) 研究了溶液 pH 值、吸附时间、初始浓度和溶液体积等变量对吸附效率的影响。在最佳条件下，指定为 pH 值为 6，吸附时间为 1.2 h，初始浓度30mg/L，溶液体积25mL，RF值可达74.11%。从 RSM 分析来看，pH 值是吸附过程中的一个重要因素，这些关键因素的顺序如下：pH > 吸附时间 > 溶液体积。同时，这些因素之间存在相互作用。化学修饰对吸附剂的孔结构生成和官能团的产生具有重要作用，可提高吸附效率。吸附剂对氟化物模拟溶液的去除性能也显示了吸附剂应用于工业用途的可行性。pH值是吸附过程中的一个重要因素，这些关键因素的顺序如下：pH值>吸附时间>溶液体积。同时，这些因素之间存在相互作用。化学修饰对吸附剂的孔结构生成和官能团的产生具有重要作用，可提高吸附效率。吸附剂对氟化物模拟溶液的去除性能也显示了吸附剂应用于工业用途的可行性。pH值是吸附过程中的一个重要因素，这些关键因素的顺序如下：pH值>吸附时间>溶液体积。同时，这些因素之间存在相互作用。化学修饰对吸附剂的孔结构生成和官能团的产生具有重要作用，可提高吸附效率。吸附剂对氟化物模拟溶液的去除性能也显示了吸附剂应用于工业用途的可行性。