ABSTRACT

The re-release of golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia), from zoos into the wild, is considered to be an ex situ conservation success story. However, zoo-born golden lion tamarins have lower survival rates than their wild-born offspring, potentially due to deficient foraging and locomotion ‘survival skills’ acquired in captivity. The current study aimed to evaluate whether a puzzle feeder suspended and baited with different items could promote increased foraging and general activity in tamarins living in a zoo setting. A pair of tamarins at Woodland Park Zoo received the puzzle feeder in three conditions in an ABCACB experimental reversal design over a period of three months: an empty feeder and feeders baited with either fruit (raisins) or insects (mealworms). Food type affected behavior; time spent climbing increased when the feeder contained insects compared to fruit. Subjects interacted with the baited puzzle feeder device significantly more than the empty feeder, and use was highest within the first 30 minutes of exposure. Our results suggest that the puzzle feeders plus food were effective in increasing foraging and general activity.

摘要

金狮狨（Leontopithecus rosalia）从动物园重新放归野外，被认为是 异地 放生保护成功的故事。然而，动物园出生的金狮狨猴的存活率低于野生出生的后代，这可能是由于在圈养中缺乏觅食和运动“生存技能”。目前的研究旨在评估用不同物品悬挂和诱饵的益智喂食器是否可以促进生活在动物园环境中的狨猴增加觅食和一般活动。Woodland Park Zoo 的一对狨猴在 ABCACB 实验反转设计的三个条件下接受了拼图喂食器，为期三个月：一个空的喂食器和用水果（葡萄干）或昆虫（粉虫）诱饵的喂食器。食物类型影响行为；与水果相比，当喂食器包含昆虫时，攀爬的时间会增加。受试者与带诱饵的益智喂食器的互动明显多于空喂食器，并且在接触的前 30 分钟内使用率最高。我们的研究结果表明，益智喂食器加食物可有效增加觅食和一般活动。