In this study, an interferometric method was proposed for the simultaneous measurement of phase retardation and fast-axis azimuth angle of a wave plate by using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The wave plate to be tested is placed in one of the light passages in the interferometer, and two analyzers with transmission axes at horizontal and vertical orientations are arranged at the two output regions. When a linearly polarized laser light beam is passed through the interferometer, two interference light beams are simultaneously generated. Through an analysis of the intensities of the two light beams, the phase retardation and fast-axis azimuth angle of the tested wave plate can be simultaneously determined using specially derived equations. The feasibility of the proposed method was demonstrated using measurements of zero-order half-wave and zero-order quarter-wave plates. The proposed method is easy to operate, enables rapid measurement, and has high stability and accuracy.

中文翻译：

---

一种同时测定波片相位延迟和快轴方位角的干涉法

在这项研究中，提出了一种干涉测量方法，用于使用 Mach-Zehnder 干涉仪同时测量波片的相位延迟和快轴方位角。将待测波片放置在干涉仪的其中一个光路中，在两个输出区域分别布置两个透射轴分别为水平和垂直方向的分析器。当一束线偏振激光束通过干涉仪时，会同时产生两束干涉光束。通过分析两束光束的强度，可以使用专门导出的方程同时确定被测波片的相位延迟和快轴方位角。使用零阶半波片和零阶四分之一波片的测量证明了所提出方法的可行性。该方法操作简单，测量速度快，稳定性和准确度高。