Ferroelectrics’ structure-property relationships are of guiding significance in high-performance material designing and usually clarified from the aspect of symmetries, which is arduous and costly. On the principle of convenience, here, the concept that domains can provide a brandnew nondestructive and fast way for this relationship clarification is demonstrated. Utilizing scanning probe microscopy, quantitative original local elastic/piezoelectric/ferroelectric performances of various characteristic domain configurations are directly investigated in relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-PbTiO₃ single crystals. Among them, the polygonal lamellar domains with coexistence of straight c, a and c/a walls in the at-morphotropic phase boundary composition, own high surface effective Young's modulus (average values close to 160 GPa), strong original average local piezoresponse (8.5 pm) and effective longitudinal piezoelectric response (d₃₃, 14 pm V⁻¹), together with ease of electrical switching. Low free energy barrier and strong piezoelectric anisotropy contribute intrinsically to these better functionalities. Higher and easier domain wall motion, larger ratio of c⁺/c⁻ domains, and larger depolarization and elastic energies stemmed from larger domain width/size act as extrinsic factors. These results help to understand relaxor ferroelectrics comprehensively and provide a reference of domain-based structure selection for better material design.

铁电体的结构特性关系在高性能材料设计中具有指导意义，并且通常从对称性方面进行澄清，这是艰巨且昂贵的。出于方便的原则，在此展示了域可以为这种关系澄清提供一种全新的无损且快速的方式的概念。利用扫描探针显微镜，在弛豫铁电Pb（Mg _1/3 Nb _2/3）O ₃ -PbTiO ₃中直接研究了各种特征域构型的定量原始局部弹性/压电/铁电性能单晶。其中，在垂直相界边界成分中直角c，a和c / a壁共存的多边形层状结构区域具有较高的表面有效杨氏模量（平均值接近160 GPa），较强的原始平均局部压电响应（8.5） pm）和有效的纵向压电响应（d _33，14 pm V ^-1），并且易于电气开关。低自由能垒和强压电各向异性本质上有助于这些更好的功能。更高和更容易畴壁运动，较大的C比⁺ / C ^-磁畴，较大的磁畴宽度/尺寸所产生的较大的去极化和弹性能是外在因素。这些结果有助于全面了解弛豫铁电体，并为更好的材料设计提供基于域的结构选择参考。