In the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, locals depend on multiple water sources due to the limited access to safe water, which is a great global concern regarding its impact on human health. This study aimed to compare the infection risk of diarrhoea from multiple water sources with different concentrations of Escherichia coli among water supply areas and evaluate the impact of changing water sources due to the Gorkha earthquake on the infection risk. The concentration of enteropathogenic E. coli was estimated in samples of piped water, jar water, groundwater, and tanker water, which were collected in the Valley. The volume of each water ingestion was determined based on a questionnaire survey and considering drinking and bathing sources. The highest estimated risk was observed for households drinking groundwater from shallow dug wells, followed by tanker water. The estimated risk implied the regional disparity due to various water sources with different quality. After the earthquake, the ratio of households drinking only jar water increased, and the estimated risk decreased. The damage on piped water supply, the decrease of tanker water availability and the decrease of residents’ trust in groundwater quality presumably enhanced the consumption of jar water despite its high price.

在尼泊尔的加德满都谷地，由于获得安全水的机会有限，当地人依赖多种水源，这是全球对其水对人类健康影响的关注。这项研究旨在比较供水区域中多种水源和不同浓度的大肠杆菌引起的腹泻的感染风险，并评估戈尔卡地震引起的水源变化对感染风险的影响。肠致病性大肠杆菌的浓度估计是在山谷中收集的自来水，罐子水，地下水和罐车水的样本中得出的。根据问卷调查并考虑饮水和洗浴来源，确定每次饮水量。估计最高风险的家庭是从浅挖井中饮用地下水，其次是罐车水。估计的风险暗示由于质量不同的各种水源造成的区域差异。地震后，仅饮用罐装水的家庭比例增加了，估计的风险降低了。尽管价格昂贵，但自来水供应的损害，罐车水供应的减少以及居民对地下水水质的信任下降，可能增加了罐装水的消耗。