ABSTRACT

1. A trial was conducted to study the effects of additional dietary fibre (DF), resulting from partial replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with high-fibre sunflower meal (SFM), on egg production and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) traits in laying hens.

2. A total of 480 Nick Chick white laying hens (21 weeks of age) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments and fed for 24 weeks. The hens were fed either the control diet based on corn and SBM, which contained 30 g/kg crude fibre (CF) without SFM, or test diets containing 40 g more CF/kg from adding 47 g/kg SFM or 50 g more CF/kg from adding 97 g SFM/kg. Each dietary treatment was replicated eight times (20 hens per replicate).

3. Body weight (P < 0.05), egg production rate (P < 0.05), egg weight (P < 0.01) and egg mass (P < 0.01) linearly increased but feed conversion ratio linearly decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing SFM supplementation. Feed intake, cracked/broken egg ratios and shell less egg ratios were comparable amongst the groups.

4. The egg quality indices were not influenced by dietary treatments, except for the Haugh units, which decreased (linear, P < 0.01; quadratic P < 0.05) when SFM was added.

5. Digestive organ size was not affected by the dietary treatments, but caecum length increased in hens fed SFM (P < 0.05). Digesta pH in the ileum and caecum was reduced linearly (P < 0.01) with SFM supplementation.

6. Small intestine morphology traits improved with 47 g SFM/kg supplementation, whereas negative effects were observed with 97 g SFM/kg.

7. Productive performance of laying hens improved with 40 or 50 g/kg more CF in feed, mostly from SFM supplementation. It was concluded that this performance increase was attributed mostly to the increase in fat content, rather than DF level, when high-fibre SFM was included in layer diets.

摘要

1. 进行了一项试验以研究额外膳食纤维 (DF) 对产蛋时产蛋率和胃肠道 (GIT) 性状的影响母鸡。

2. 总共 480 只 Nick Chick 白色蛋鸡（21 周龄）被随机分配到 3 个日粮处理组，饲喂 24 周。母鸡饲喂以玉米和豆粕为基础的对照日粮，其中含有 30 g/kg 粗纤维 (CF)，不含 SFM，或添加 47 g/kg SFM 或 50 g CF /kg 来自添加 97 g SFM/kg。每个日粮处理重复八次（每次重复 20 只母鸡）。

3. 体重（P < 0.05）、产蛋率（P < 0.05）、蛋重（P < 0.01）和蛋重（P < 0.01）随着SFM的增加而线性增加，但饲料转化率线性降低（P < 0.01）补充。各组之间的采食量、破裂/破蛋率和无壳蛋率具有可比性。

4.鸡蛋质量指数不受日粮处理的影响，除了Haugh单位，当添加SFM时，Haugh单位下降（线性，P <0.01；二次P <0.05）。

5. 饲喂 SFM 的母鸡消化器官大小不受日粮处理的影响，但盲肠长度增加（P < 0.05）。回肠和盲肠中的消化物 pH 值随着 SFM 的补充线性降低（P < 0.01）。

6. 补充 47 g SFM/kg 可改善小肠形态特征，而补充 97 g SFM/kg 则观察到负面影响。

7. 饲料中添加 40 或 50 g/kg 的 CF（主要来自 SFM 补充剂）提高了蛋鸡的生产性能。得出的结论是，当蛋鸡日粮中包含高纤维 SFM 时，这种性能提高主要归因于脂肪含量的增加，而不是 DF 水平。