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Host Plant Choice Determined by Reproductive Interference between Closely Related Butterflies.
The American Naturalist ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-25 , DOI: 10.1086/710211
Naota Ohsaki , Masaaki Ohata , Yoshibumi Sato , Mark D. Rausher

A number of empirical studies have concluded that reproductive interference (RI) contributes to parapatric species distributions or sexual exclusion. However, the possibility that divergent host plant use in phytophagous insects is due to sexual exclusion has seldom been considered. Here, we present evidence that RI is responsible for different host plant use by two Pierid butterfly species, Pieris napi and Pieris melete. When a novel host species was introduced about 50 years ago, two Pierid butterfly species at first used both the ancestral host species and the novel one. Subsequently, P. napi shifted to use only the novel host, while P. melete shifted to specialize on the ancestral host. To explain these patterns, we investigated whether the two host species differ in suitability for larval growth and survival. Additionally, we tested whether RI occurred between the two butterfly species using large outdoor field cages. Courtship of females by conspecific and heterospecific males reduces the number of eggs laid by approximately half. However, RI is asymmetric and would generate selection on P. melete females to evolve to avoid the more suitable host species preferred by P. napi. Thus, our study suggests that sexual exclusion can explain the shift in host plant use by these two butterfly species.

中文翻译:

宿主植物的选择由密切相关的蝴蝶之间的繁殖干扰决定。

大量的经验研究得出结论,生殖干扰(RI)会导致父系物种的分布或性排斥。但是,很少考虑在植食性昆虫中使用不同寄主植物是由于性排斥引起的。在这里,我们提供的证据表明,RI负责两个Pierid蝴蝶物种Pieris napiPieris melete对不同寄主植物的使用。大约50年前,当一种新的寄主物种被引入时,最初有两种皮蝶蝶物种同时使用祖先的寄主物种和新的寄主物种。随后,P。napi转移到只使用新型宿主,而P. melete转移到专门研究祖先的主机上。为了解释这些模式,我们调查了两种寄主物种在幼虫生长和存活的适应性方面是否不同。此外,我们使用大型室外野外笼测试了两个蝴蝶物种之间是否发生了RI。同种和异种雄性对雌性的求爱减少了大约一半的产卵数。然而,RI是不对称的,并且会在P. melete雌性上产生选择,从而进化以避免由P. napi偏爱的更合适的宿主物种。因此,我们的研究表明,性排斥可以解释这两个蝴蝶物种在寄主植物使用方面的转变。
更新日期:2020-08-25
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