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Changes in polyamine pattern mediates sex differentiation and unisexual flower development in monoecious cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.)
Physiologia Plantarum ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 , DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13197
Agnieszka Kiełkowska 1 , Michał Dziurka 2
Affiliation  

Changes in the levels of polyamines are associated with fundamental physiological processes such as embryogenesis, induction of flowering, fruit development and ripening, senescence, and responses to environmental stresses, but the role of polyamines in sex differentiation and unisexual flower development has not been deeply studied. To extend the knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms of flowering in monoecious plant (producing unisexual flowers), we investigated the morphogenesis and free polyamine levels in Cucumis sativus during sex differentiation and unisexual flower development in vitro using histo-cytological and biochemical methods. As shown in our study, floral development in vitro was undisturbed and flowers of both sexes were produced. Sex differentiation relied on preventing the development of generative organs of the opposite sex, as we observed carpel repression in male flowers and stamen repression in female flowers. Pollen viability was negatively correlated with female flower development on the same node. Biochemical analysis revealed increased accumulation of aliphatic amines (tri, tetra-amines) in generative (flower buds and flowers) compare to vegetative (axillary buds and leaves) organs. Undifferentiated floral buds contained elevated levels of agmatine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine. Sex differentiation was associated with significantly decreased levels of agmatine and cadaverine. Our results showed that female flowers contained higher levels of total polyamine than male flowers. The increased level of cadaverine was associated with macrogametogenesis and female flower maturation. Putrescine was important for male flower development. Such results support the hypothesis that aliphatic amines are involved in unisexual flower development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译:

多胺模式的变化介导雌雄同株黄瓜 (Cucumis sativus L.) 的性别分化和单性花发育

多胺水平的变化与胚胎发生、开花诱导、果实发育和成熟、衰老和对环境胁迫的反应等基本生理过程有关,但多胺在性别分化和单性花发育中的作用尚未得到深入研究. 为了扩展对雌雄同株植物(产生单性花)开花调控机制的了解,我们使用组织细胞学和生化方法研究了黄瓜在体外性别分化和单性花发育过程中的形态发生和游离多胺水平。正如我们的研究所示,体外的花发育不受干扰,并且产生了两性的花。性别分化依赖于阻止异性生殖器官的发育,因为我们观察到雄花中的心皮抑制和雌花中的雄蕊抑制。花粉活力与同一节点上的雌花发育呈负相关。生化分析显示,与营养器官(腋芽和叶子)相比,生殖器官(花蕾和花)中脂肪胺(三、四胺)的积累增加。未分化的花蕾含有高水平的胍丁胺、尸胺、亚精胺和精胺。性别分化与丁胺和尸胺水平显着降低有关。我们的结果表明,雌花比雄花含有更高水平的总多胺。尸胺水平的增加与大配子发生和雌花成熟有关。腐胺对雄花发育很重要。这些结果支持脂肪胺参与单性花发育的假设。本文受版权保护。版权所有。
更新日期:2020-09-09
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