The real sand is usually idealized by using upscaled particles, due to the large number of particles of tire-sand interaction. This study aims to determine a unique and complete set of DEM-FEM model parameters to improve numerical accuracy of tire-sand interaction after particles idealization. To achieve this aim, a novel method based on experimental design is proposed to calibrate the DEM-FEM model parameters by a series of single-factor numerical calibration tests. Initially, the interaction properties such as equivalent friction coefficients of particle-particle, particle-soil bin and particle-tire are determined successively by comparing experimental test with numerical simulation using the angle of repose as a bulk response. The material parameters of particles are then obtained by modified iteratively to match the stress-strain behavior of the granular assembly in triaxial test. After that, the calibrated parameter set is used to investigate the interaction mechanisms between the off-road tire and the granular terrain. Finally, the simulation results are qualitatively in agreement with the soil bin experiments, which verifies the effectiveness of the calibrated parameter set for the tractive performance analysis of tire-sand interaction.

由于大量的轮胎-沙土相互作用颗粒，通常使用高档颗粒来理想化真正的沙子。这项研究旨在确定一套独特而完整的DEM-FEM模型参数，以提高粒子理想化后轮胎-砂土相互作用的数值精度。为了达到这个目的，提出了一种基于实验设计的新颖方法，通过一系列单因素数值校准测试来校准DEM-FEM模型参数。最初，通过将实验测试与以休止角作为体积响应的数值模拟进行比较，相继确定了相互作用特性，例如颗粒-颗粒，颗粒-土壤箱和颗粒-轮胎的等效摩擦系数。然后通过迭代修改以匹配颗粒组件在三轴测试中的应力-应变行为，从而获得颗粒的材料参数。之后，使用校准后的参数集来研究越野轮胎与粒状地形之间的相互作用机理。最后，模拟结果在质量上与土壤箱实验吻合，验证了校准参数集对轮胎-沙土相互作用的牵引性能分析的有效性。