Heat shock proteins (HSPs), members of molecular chaperones families fulfill essential roles under normal conditions and provide protection and adaptation during and after stress. Among different HSPs, HSP70 kDa family of proteins is most abundant and well-studied in human and mouse but has not yet been characterized in bovines. In silico analysis was performed to characterize members of HSP70 gene family in bovine genome and a total of 17 genes of bovine HSP70 gene family were identified. The members of HSP70 family were distributed over 12 chromosomes with gene size ranging from 1911 (HSPA2) to 54,017 bp (HSPA4). Five genes were intronless, while rest of 12 genes were multiexonic. Phylogenetic analysis of HSP70 gene family distinguished them into eight major evolutionary groups wherein members of group 1 were most divergent and quite dissimilar than from rest of the HSP70 sequences. Domain structure of all bovine HSP70 genes was conserved and three signature patterns HSP70_1, HSP70_2, and HSP70_3 were identified. HSPA8, HSP9, and HSPA1A showed comparatively higher expression in majority of tissues. Like humans, bovine HSP70 family was characterized by remarkable evolutionary diversity. The analysis also suggested resemblance of bovine HSP70 family to that of human compared to mouse. Overall, the study indicates the presence of diversity for structure, function, localization, and expression in the bovine HSP70 family chaperons which could form the basis to understand thermotolerance/adaptive changes in the bovines.

热休克蛋白（HSPs）是分子伴侣家族的成员，在正常条件下起着至关重要的作用，并在压力期间和之后提供保护和适应。在不同的HSP中，HSP70 kDa蛋白质家族在人类和小鼠中含量最高，并且得到了充分研究，但尚未在牛中得到鉴定。进行了计算机分析以鉴定牛基因组中HSP70基因家族的成员，并鉴定出总共17个牛HSP70基因家族基因。HSP70家族的成员分布在12条染色体上，基因大小从1911（HSPA2）到54,017 bp（HSPA4）。五个基因是内含子，而其余的12个基因是外显子。对HSP70基因家族进行系统进化分析，将其分为8个主要的进化组，其中第1组的成员与其他HSP70序列相比，差异最大，且完全不同。保留了所有牛HSP70基因的结构域结构，并鉴定了三个签名模式HSP70_1，HSP70_2和HSP70_3。HSPA8，HSP9和HSPA1A在大多数组织中显示出相对较高的表达。像人类一样，牛HSP70家族的特征是卓越的进化多样性。分析还表明，与小鼠相比，牛HSP70家族与人相似。总体而言，该研究表明牛HSP70家族分子中存在结构，功能，定位和表达的多样性，这可能构成了解牛的耐热性/适应性变化的基础。