Groupers are popular aquaculture species in South‐East Asia, but their cultivation is affected by infectious disease outbreaks. Mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissues provide a first‐line defence against pathogens; however, few studies are available relating to cellular or proteomic responses of mucosal immunity in grouper. Skin, gill and intestine were sampled from brown‐marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775) at 4 and 96 hr post‐infection (hpi) and 7 days post‐infection (dpi) following intraperitoneal infection with Vibrio harveyi, and stained with haematoxylin/eosin and Alcian Blue/periodic acid–Schiff. Skin mucus was analysed by 2D‐gel electrophoresis, and proteins modulated by the bacterial infection identified. In the infected fish, significant increases in sacciform cells in skin and increased levels of nucleoside diphosphate kinase in mucus were detected at 4 hpi. At 96 hpi, goblet cells containing acidic mucins significantly increased in the intestine, while those containing mixed mucins increased in skin and gills of infected fish. Proteasome subunit alpha type‐I and extracellular Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase levels also increased in mucus. Rodlet and mast cells did not appear to respond to the infection. Mucosal tissues of grouper appeared actively involved in response to Vibrio infection. This information may help future research on improving grouper health, production and vaccine development.

中文翻译：

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腹腔内感染哈维氏弧菌后，棕色大理石斑斑石斑鱼石斑鱼（Epinephelus fuscoguttatus）（Forsskål，1775）的粘膜反应。

石斑鱼是东南亚流行的水产养殖种类，但其养殖受到传染病暴发的影响。粘膜相关淋巴组织为病原体提供了一线防御。然而，关于石斑鱼粘膜免疫的细胞或蛋白质组反应的研究很少。在感染后4小时和96小时以及感染后7天（dpi）从哈弗氏弧菌腹膜感染后第4和96小时以及棕色感染的石斑鱼Epinephelus fuscoguttatus（Forsskål，1775）采样皮肤，和肠。，并用苏木精/曙红和阿尔辛蓝/高碘酸席夫染色。通过2D凝胶电泳分析皮肤粘液，并鉴定细菌感染调节的蛋白质。在受感染的鱼中，在4 hpi时发现皮肤中的囊状细胞显着增加，并且粘液中的核苷二磷酸激酶水平升高。在96 hpi时，含有酸性粘蛋白的杯状细胞在肠道内显着增加，而含有混合粘蛋白的杯状细胞在受感染鱼的皮肤和g中则增加。粘液中的蛋白酶体亚基α-I和细胞外铜/锌超氧化物歧化酶水平也增加。杆状细胞和肥大细胞似乎对感染没有反应。石斑鱼的粘膜组织似乎积极参与了对弧菌的反应感染。这些信息可能有助于将来对改善石斑鱼健康，生产和疫苗开发的研究。