Abstract Acoustic anemometry is one of the most precise ways to determine atmospheric temperature on Earth. The technique has similar promise in the Martian atmosphere. Regardless of the atmosphere, temperature is diagnosed from the measured speed of sound using thermodynamic properties that are specific to the composition of the atmosphere. On Mars, the composition of the atmosphere undergoes large seasonal variations due to the exchange of CO2 with the surface. Using standard Mars atmosphere composition instead of the correct, seasonally variable composition can introduce a temperature error of more than 6%, which translates to over 10 ​K for typical Mars temperatures. When this temperature is combined with errors in the specific gas constant, the errors further propagate into the diagnosis of density when using the Ideal Gas Law. A method that incorporates measurements of pressure and CO2 abundance is demonstrated for eliminating compositional errors in diagnosed temperature and density.

中文翻译：

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从绝热声速确定温度和密度的火星大气成分变化问题

摘要 声学风速测量法是确定地球大气温度最精确的方法之一。该技术在火星大气中也有类似的前景。无论大气如何，温度都是通过使用特定于大气成分的热力学特性测量的声速来诊断的。在火星上，由于二氧化碳与地表的交换，大气的成分经历了很大的季节性变化。使用标准的火星大气成分而不是正确的、季节性变化的成分会引入超过 6% 的温度误差，对于典型的火星温度来说，这意味着超过 10 K。当该温度与特定气体常数的误差相结合时，当使用理想气体定律时，误差会进一步传播到密度诊断中。