Abstract During seed storage in tall silos the low layers of rape seeds are exposed to static pressure exerted by the upper layers. This may cause deformation and damage of seeds found in the lower layers and losses of biologically active compounds. The aim of this study was to simulate under laboratory conditions the actual ecosystem found in industrial plants and to evaluate the effect of not only the temperature and moisture content, but also static pressure on degradation of phytosterols contained in rape seeds in the course of storage. Changes in phytosterol levels were assessed using GC-MS. During storage in all samples of seeds (7–16% moisture content) under the adopted conditions of overpressure (20–60 kPa) and temperature (25–35 °C) the total content of phytosterols decreased by 3–57%. The smallest losses in the total phytosterol contents (3–4%) were recorded during storage of seeds with a 7% moisture content, irrespective of the applied storage temperature (25–35 °C) and overpressure variants (20–60 kPa). The greatest losses of phytosterols (43–57%) were observed during storage of seeds with a 16% moisture content at a temperature of 35 °C, while the higher the applied overpressure, the greater these losses were. The study showed that the greatest influence on sterol content during storage was increased seed moisture, and subsequently the temperature and the pressure. Experimental results also showed that for seeds with higher moisture contents (13 and 16%) an increase in storage temperature from 30 to 35 °C intensifies losses of individual phytosterols much more markedly that an increase in temperature from 25 to 30 °C. Moreover it was observed that overpressure over 20 kPa enhanced losses of investigated phytosterols.

中文翻译：

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模拟工业筒仓条件下油菜种子贮藏过程中植物甾醇含量的变化

摘要 在高筒仓中储存种子期间，油菜种子的低层受到上层施加的静压。这可能导致下层种子的变形和损坏以及生物活性化合物的损失。本研究的目的是在实验室条件下模拟工厂中发现的实际生态系统，并评估温度和水分含量以及静压对油菜籽在储存过程中所含植物甾醇降解的影响。使用 GC-MS 评估植物甾醇水平的变化。在采用的超压 (20-60 kPa) 和温度 (25-35 °C) 条件下，所有种子样品（含水量 7-16%）在储存期间，植物甾醇的总含量下降了 3-57%。无论应用的储存温度（25-35°C）和超压变量（20-60 kPa）如何，在水分含量为 7% 的种子储存期间，总植物甾醇含量的损失最小（3-4%）。在 35 °C 的温度下储存含水量为 16% 的种子期间观察到植物甾醇的最大损失（43-57%），而施加的超压越高，这些损失越大。研究表明，储存期间对甾醇含量的最大影响是种子水分的增加，其次是温度和压力。实验结果还表明，对于水分含量较高（13% 和 16%）的种子，储存温度从 30 到 35 °C 会加剧单个植物甾醇的损失，而温度从 25 到 30 °C 会升高。