Recent research has found that the traditional target P3 consists of a family of P3-like positivities that can be functionally and topographically dissociated from one another. The current study examined target N2 and P3-like subcomponents indexing conflict detection and context updating at low- and high-order levels in the neural hierarchy during cognitive control. Electroencephalographic signals were recorded from 45 young adults while they completed a hybrid go/nogo flanker task, and Residue Iteration Decomposition (RIDE) was applied to functionally dissociate these peaks. Analyses showed a stimulus-locked frontal N2 revealing early detection and fast perceptual categorization of nogo, congruent and incongruent trials, resulting in frontal P3-like activity elicited by nogo trials in the latency-variable RIDE cluster, and by incongruent trials in the response-locked cluster. The congruent trials did not elicit frontal P3-like activity. These findings suggest that behavioral incongruency effects are related to intermediate and later stages of motor response re-programming.

最近的研究发现，传统的目标 P3 由一系列 P3 样阳性组成，它们可以在功能上和地形上相互分离。当前的研究检查了目标 N2 和 P3 类子组件，这些子组件在认知控制期间在神经层次结构的低阶和高阶级别上索引冲突检测和上下文更新。记录了 45 名年轻人在完成混合 go/nogo 侧翼任务时的脑电图信号，并应用残留迭代分解 (RIDE) 从功能上分离这些峰。分析显示刺激锁定的额叶 N2 揭示了 nogo、一致和不一致试验的早期检测和快速感知分类，导致由延迟变量 RIDE 集群中的 nogo 试验引发的额叶 P3 样活动，并通过响应锁定集群中的不一致试验。一致的试验没有引起额叶 P3 样活动。这些发现表明，行为不一致的影响与运动反应重新编程的中间和后期阶段有关。