Background

Objective

To investigate the effects of peripheral muscle training (PMT) and different inspiratory muscle training (IMT) methods on respiratory functions, exercise capacity, and biochemistry parameters in coronary artery disease patients with metabolic syndrome.

Methods

This prospective, single-blind, randomized-controlled study included 60 patients of stable coronary artery disease with metabolic syndrome (New York Heart Association [NYHA] Class I-II, left ventricular ejection fraction >40%). Patients were randomly divided into three groups: neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) plus PMT group (NMES + PMT group, n = 20), IMT plus PMT group (IMT + PMT group, n = 20) and PMT group (PMT group, n = 20). Treatment continued for six weeks for all groups. The NMES was applied to rectus abdominis, IMT was applied with 30% of maximal inspiratory pressures, and PMT was applied at home. Spirometry, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure, dyspnea scores, exercise stress test, and biochemistry parameters were measured before and after training.

Results

There were significant improvements in spirometric tests, respiratory muscle strength, dyspnea scores, exercise capacity, fasting blood glucose, and antistreptolysin O after treatment in all groups (p < 0.05). Significant improvements in C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were observed in NMES + PMT and IMT + PMT groups (p < 0.05). Among the groups, there was a significant difference in maximal inspiratory pressure (p = 0.02) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.037) in favor of NMES + PMT group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our study results showed significant improvements in respiratory functions, exercise capacity, and biochemistry markers in all groups. Different IMT methods can be used in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation to improve exercise intolerance in coronary artery disease patients with metabolic syndrome.

Clinical Trial registration number

NCT03523026.

中文翻译：

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周围和不同的吸气肌肉训练方法对代谢综合征的冠心病患者的影响：一项随机对照试验。

背景

目的

目的探讨代谢综合征患者冠状动脉疾病患者外周肌肉训练（PMT）和不同的吸气肌肉训练（IMT）方法对呼吸功能，运动能力和生化参数的影响。

方法

这项前瞻性，单盲，随机对照研究包括60例患有代谢综合征的稳定冠状动脉疾病患者（纽约心脏协会[NYHA] I-II级，左心室射血分数> 40％）。患者随机分为三组：神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）+ PMT组（NMES + PMT组，n = 20），IMT + PMT组（IMT + PMT组，n = 20）和PMT组（PMT组，n） = 20）。所有组均持续治疗六周。NMES用于腹直肌，IMT用于最大吸气压力的30％，PMT用于家庭。在训练前后分别测量肺活量，最大吸气和呼气压力，呼吸困难评分，运动压力测试以及生化参数。

结果

所有组治疗后的肺活量测试，呼吸肌力量，呼吸困难评分，运动能力，空腹血糖和抗链球菌溶血素O均有显着改善（p <0.05）。在NMES + PMT和IMT + PMT组中，观察到C反应蛋白和红细胞沉降率的显着改善（p <0.05）。各组之间，最大吸气压力（p = 0.02）和红细胞沉降率（p = 0.037）有显着差异，而NMES + PMT组更为明显（p <0.05）。

结论

我们的研究结果表明，所有组的呼吸功能，运动能力和生化指标都有显着改善。不同的IMT方法可用于心肺康复，以改善患有代谢综合征的冠心病患者的运动耐力。

临床试验注册号

NCT03523026。