Depersonalisation/derealisation disorder (DPD) refers to frequent and persistent detachment from bodily self and disengagement from the outside world. As a dissociative disorder, DPD affects 1–2 % of the population, but takes 7–12 years on average to be accurately diagnosed. In this systematic review, we comprehensively describe research targeting the neural correlates of core DPD symptoms, covering publications between 1992 and 2020 that have used electrophysiological techniques. The aim was to investigate the diagnostic potential of these relatively inexpensive and convenient neuroimaging tools. We review the EEG power spectrum, components of the event-related potential (ERP), as well as vestibular and heartbeat evoked potentials as likely electrophysiological biomarkers to study DPD symptoms. We argue that acute anxiety- or trauma-related impairments in the integration of interoceptive and exteroceptive signals play a key role in the formation of DPD symptoms, and that future research needs analysis methods that can take this integration into account. We suggest tools for prospective studies of electrophysiological DPD biomarkers, which are urgently needed to fully develop their diagnostic potential.

去人格化/去现实化障碍（DPD）是指与身体自我的频繁和持久分离以及与外界的脱离。作为一种分离性疾病，DPD会影响1-2％的人口，但平均需要7-12年才能被准确诊断。在本系统综述中，我们全面描述了针对核心DPD症状的神经相关性的研究，涵盖了1992年至2020年之间使用电生理技术的出版物。目的是研究这些相对便宜和方便的神经成像工具的诊断潜力。我们审查了脑电图谱，事件相关电位（ERP）的组成，以及前庭和心跳诱发电位作为研究DPD症状的可能的电生理生物标记。我们认为，在感知和外部感受信号整合中，与焦虑或创伤相关的急性损伤在DPD症状的形成中起着关键作用，并且未来的研究需要能够综合考虑这种整合的分析方法。我们建议对电生理学DPD生物标记物进行前瞻性研究的工具，这是充分开发其诊断潜力所迫切需要的。