Abstract The Gulf of Suez area in eastern Egypt is one of the most prospective and promising hydrocarbon provinces all over the world. Sixty drill cuttings samples of the Upper Cretaceous Raha Formation (70–120 m) have earlier been processed for their palynomorph and palynofacies contents, including 36 geochemically screened samples for their source-rock potential using TOC, Rock-Eval®. 6 Turbo, the new Rock-Eval® 7S instrument along with one of its latest modules, the CleanSim method. The combination between visual palynofacies and RGB-based sporomorph color image analysis along with the geochemical results are presented as part of a detailed assessment of the organic matter (OM) types, OM-richness, and thermal maturity levels. Palynofacies analysis defined three associations of OM types. The first and third associations consist of kerogen Type II; the former is dominated by a moderate abundance of amorphous organic matter (AOM) and phytoclasts, whilst the latter is dominated by high AOM content. Conversely, the second association is dominated by terrigenous fragments of gas-prone Type-III kerogen. The application of RGB analysis indicated a thermally immature to mature stage for some intervals in one of the three studied wells, the B-109. Geochemical screening results led to divide the Raha Formation into three distinctive groups, which are characterized by varied OM qualities and quantities, hydrocarbon potential, and thermal maturity levels. Varied thermal maturity levels was related directly to the Late Cretaceous tectonics like the effect of Syrian Arc System and the Oligocene-Miocene syn-rift activity that led to the opening of the Gulf of Suez. Differences in kerogen types were observed between geochemical and palynofacies analyses. Microscopic investigations of palynofacies-dominated AOM suggested that most AOM particles were of terrigenous origin due to the effect of biodegradation and gradual transformation of phytoclasts into AOM, reflecting a kerogen Type III instead of kerogen Type II that was indicated by palynofacies analysis ternary plots.

中文翻译：

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埃及苏伊士湾 bakr 油田 cenomanian Raha 组烃源岩评价：孢粉相观察、基于 RGB 的孢子形态显微镜和有机地球化学

摘要 埃及东部苏伊士湾地区是世界上最具前景和潜力的油气区之一。上白垩统 Raha 组 (70-120 m) 的 60 个钻屑样本较早地已对其孢粉形态和孢粉相含量进行了处理，其中包括 36 个使用 TOC、Rock-Eval® 地球化学筛选的烃源岩潜力样品。6 Turbo，新型 Rock-Eval® 7S 仪器及其最新模块之一，CleanSim 方法。可视孢粉相和基于 RGB 的孢子形彩色图像分析以及地球化学结果之间的组合作为对有机质 (OM) 类型、OM 丰富度和热成熟度水平的详细评估的一部分。孢粉相分析定义了 OM 类型的三种关联。第一个和第三个组合由干酪根类型 II 组成；前者以中等丰度的无定形有机物 (AOM) 和植物碎屑为主，而后者以高 AOM 含量为主。相反，第二个组合以易产气的 III 型干酪根的陆源碎片为主。RGB 分析的应用表明，在研究的三口井之一 B-109 中，某些层段的热不成熟到成熟阶段。地球化学筛选结果导致将 Raha 组分为三个不同的组，其特征是不同的 OM 质量和数量、油气潜力和热成熟度水平。不同的热成熟度水平与晚白垩世构造直接相关，如叙利亚弧系统的影响和导致苏伊士湾开放的渐新世-中新世同裂谷活动。在地球化学和孢粉相分析之间观察到干酪根类型的差异。对以孢粉相为主的 AOM 的显微研究表明，由于生物降解的影响和植物碎屑逐渐转化为 AOM，大多数 AOM 颗粒是陆源来源的，这反映了干酪根 III 型而不是干酪根 II 型，这是由孢粉相分析三元图显示的。