Plants of the family Brassicaceae are known to produce compounds with nematicidal activity, such as glucosinolates. Although these compounds may find application in the control of plant-parasitic nematodes, they are generally obtained as hydroalcoholic extracts, which can be toxic to plants and the environment. This study investigated the chemical composition of aqueous extracts of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst ex Re Fries) seed cake and their efficiency in controlling the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitwood in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Four extraction methods were used: water extraction at 25 °C, water extraction at 100 °C, autoclave treatment of a crambe cake/water mixture, autoclave treatment of crambe cake followed by water extraction at room temperature. Compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Extracts were diluted to 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% (v/v) in distilled water for determination of their effects on M. javanica egg hatching and juvenile mortality (in vitro) and nematode reproduction on soybean (in vivo). Chromatographic analysis identified the following nematicidal compounds (100 g⁻¹): gallic acid (250.15 mg), syringic acid (201.46 mg), hydroxybenzoic acid (175.05 mg), chlorogenic acid (129.81 mg), ferulic acid (41.82 mg), trans-cinnamic acid (28.40 mg), and coumaric acid (16.75 mg). Sucrose and epiprogoitrin were detected in a proportion of 56.73 to 43.27%. All extracts reduced egg hatching and increased juvenile mortality, reaching a plateau at a concentration of about 5%. Extract concentrations of 5% and higher decreased nematode reproduction, with the maximum effect estimated to occur at 13%. Crambe cake extracts also increased plant height, shoot fresh weight, and root fresh weight. The compounds from aqueous extracts of crambe seed cake, acting together or separately, may be responsible for the suppressive effects of nematodes and plant growth promoters.

已知十字花科的植物产生具有杀线虫活性的化合物，例如芥子油苷。尽管这些化合物可用于控制植物寄生线虫，但它们通常以水醇提取物的形式获得，对植物和环境可能有毒。这项研究调查了蛤ram （Crambe abyssinica Hochst ex Re Fries）种子饼的水提物的化学组成及其在控制大豆根结线虫Meloidogyne javanica（Treub）Chitwood（Glycine max（L.）美林）。使用了四种萃取方法：在25°C下进行水萃取，在100°C下进行水萃取，对Crambe饼/水混合物进行高压灭菌处理，对Crambe饼进行高压灭菌处理，然后在室温下进行水萃取。通过高效液相色谱和核磁共振波谱法测定化合物。将提取物在蒸馏水中稀释至5％，10％，15％，15％，20％和25％（v / v），以确定其对爪哇卵的孵化和幼虫死亡率（体外）和线虫在大豆上的繁殖（体内）的作用。色谱分析鉴定出以下杀线虫化合物（100 g ^-1）：没食子酸（250.15 mg），丁香酸（201.46 mg），羟基苯甲酸（175.05 mg），绿原酸（129.81 mg），阿魏酸（41.82 mg），反肉桂酸（28.40 mg）和香豆酸（ 16.75毫克）。检出的蔗糖和表蛋白原比例为56.73％至43.27％。所有提取物均能减少卵孵化并提高幼虫死亡率，其浓度约为5％达到稳定水平。浓度为5％或更高的提取物会降低线虫的繁殖能力，估计最大的影响发生在13％。蛤be饼提取物还增加了植物的高度，苗的鲜重和根的鲜重。一起或分开起作用的来自蛤together种子饼的水提物的化合物可能对线虫和植物生长促进剂的抑制作用负责。