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Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus.
Bioscience Reports ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 , DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202160
Rajveer Singh 1 , Shivani Chandel 1 , Dhritiman Dey 1 , Arijit Ghosh 2 , Syamal Roy 1 , Velayutham Ravichandiran 1 , Dipanjan Ghosh 1
Affiliation  

The prevalence of diabetes and its related complications are increasing significantly globally. Collected evidence suggested that several genetic and environmental factors contribute to diabetes mellitus. Associated complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and other cardiovascular complications are a direct result of diabetes. Epigenetic factors include DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications. These factors are directly related with pathological factors such as oxidative stress, generation of inflammatory mediators and hyperglycemia. These result in altered gene expression and targets cells in the pathology of diabetes mellitus without specific changes in a DNA sequence. Environmental factors and malnutrition are equally responsible for epigenetic states. Accumulated evidence suggested that environmental stimuli alter the gene expression that result in epigenetic changes in chromatin. Recent studies proposed that epigenetics may include the occurrence of 'metabolic memory' found in animal studies. Further study into epigenetic mechanism might give us new vision into the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and related complication thus leading to the discovery of new therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the possible epigenetic changes and mechanism that happen in diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 separately. We highlight the important epigenetic and non-epigenetic therapeutic targets involved in the management of diabetes and associated complications.

中文翻译:

糖尿病的表观遗传修饰和治疗靶标。

全球范围内,糖尿病及其相关并发症的患病率显着增加。收集的证据表明,几种遗传和环境因素可导致糖尿病。诸如视网膜病,神经病,肾病和其他心血管并发症的相关并发症是糖尿病的直接结果。表观遗传因素包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白翻译后修饰。这些因素与病理因素直接相关,例如氧化应激,炎症介质的产生和高血糖症。这些导致改变的基因表达并靶向糖尿病病理学中的细胞,而没有DNA序列的特异性改变。环境因素和营养不良同样是表观遗传状态的原因。积累的证据表明,环境刺激会改变导致染色质表观遗传变化的基因表达。最近的研究提出表观遗传学可能包括在动物研究中发现的“代谢记忆”的发生。对表观遗传机制的进一步研究可能使我们对糖尿病的发病机理及相关并发症有了新的认识,从而导致发现新的治疗靶标。在这篇综述中,我们分别讨论了1型和2型糖尿病可能发生的表观遗传学变化和机制。我们重点介绍了涉及糖尿病和相关并发症管理的重要表观遗传和非表观遗传治疗靶标。最近的研究提出表观遗传学可能包括在动物研究中发现的“代谢记忆”的发生。对表观遗传机制的进一步研究可能使我们对糖尿病的发病机理及相关并发症有了新的认识,从而导致发现新的治疗靶标。在这篇综述中,我们分别讨论了1型和2型糖尿病可能发生的表观遗传学变化和机制。我们重点介绍了涉及糖尿病和相关并发症管理的重要表观遗传和非表观遗传治疗靶标。最近的研究提出表观遗传学可能包括在动物研究中发现的“代谢记忆”的发生。对表观遗传机制的进一步研究可能使我们对糖尿病的发病机理及相关并发症有了新的认识,从而导致发现新的治疗靶标。在这篇综述中,我们分别讨论了1型和2型糖尿病可能发生的表观遗传学变化和机制。我们重点介绍了涉及糖尿病和相关并发症管理的重要表观遗传和非表观遗传治疗靶标。在这篇综述中,我们分别讨论了1型和2型糖尿病可能发生的表观遗传学变化和机制。我们重点介绍了涉及糖尿病和相关并发症管理的重要表观遗传和非表观遗传治疗靶标。在这篇综述中,我们分别讨论了1型和2型糖尿病可能发生的表观遗传学变化和机制。我们重点介绍了涉及糖尿病和相关并发症管理的重要表观遗传和非表观遗传治疗靶标。
更新日期:2020-08-24
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