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Palaeoglacial and palaeoenvironmental conditions of the Gangdise Mountains, southern Tibetan Plateau, as revealed by an ice-free cirque morphology analysis
Geomorphology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107391
Qian Zhang , Ping Fu , Chaolu Yi , Ninglian Wang , Yetang Wang , Domenico Capolongo , Roland Zech

Abstract Cirque morphology can be used to indicate patterns of palaeoglaciations and palaeoclimate. Many cirque morphological analyses have been conducted worldwide, but only a few studies focus on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). In this study, we mapped 1652 ice-free cirques in the western, central, and eastern sectors of the Gangdise Mountains, southern TP. We calculated the cirque size, shape, and topography, and categorized them into fifteen lithological units to study their morphological parameters. Results show that cirque size decreases from west to east, implying that the western sector frequently developed cirque-type glaciers or was eroded by dynamic glaciers during the initial period of cirque development. Bedrock type can also explain the difference in cirque size in the three sectors, as the dominating bedrocks of the cirques in the western sector are relatively ‘soft’. The relatively small L/W ratios for the cirques in the western sector implies the important effect of widening on cirque planar enlargement in this sector. The decreasing trend of L/H and W/H ratios and the increasing trend of A3D/A2D ratios from west to east imply the importance of deepening for the cirques in the eastern sector. Moreover, the different bedrock types may be attributed to the different cirque shapes. The NE-facing bias for the cirques reveals the impact of solar radiation. This implies that the Gangdise Mountains were characterized by a relatively low cloudiness during the ablation season. The E bias for the cirques in the eastern sector reveals that the Indian Summer Monsoon was not strong.

中文翻译:

青藏高原南部冈底斯山古冰川和古环境条件的无冰冰斗形态分析

摘要 Cirque 形态可用于指示古冰川和古气候的模式。世界范围内进行了许多马戏团形态分析,但只有少数研究集中在青藏高原 (TP)。在这项研究中,我们绘制了青藏高原南部冈底斯山脉西段、中段和东段的 1652 个无冰冰锥。我们计算了圆环的大小、形状和地形,并将它们分为 15 个岩性单元来研究它们的形态参数。结果表明,冰环规模自西向东逐渐减小,表明西段在冰环发展初期频繁发育冰环型冰川或受到动态冰川的侵蚀。基岩类型也可以解释三个扇区中圆环大小的差异,因为西区马戏团的主要基石相对“软”。西区圆环的 L/W 比相对较小,这意味着加宽对西区圆环平面扩大的重要影响。L/H 和 W/H 比值呈下降趋势,A3D/A2D 比值由西向东呈上升趋势,说明东段深海马戏团的重要性。此外,不同的基岩类型可能归因于不同的圆环形状。太阳马戏团的 NE 向偏差揭示了太阳辐射的影响。这意味着冈底斯山脉在消融季节的云量相对较低。东区马戏团的 E 偏向表明印度夏季风并不强。西区圆环的 L/W 比相对较小,这意味着加宽对西区圆环平面扩大的重要影响。L/H 和 W/H 比值呈下降趋势,A3D/A2D 比值由西向东呈上升趋势,说明东段深海马戏团的重要性。此外,不同的基岩类型可能归因于不同的圆环形状。太阳马戏团的 NE 向偏差揭示了太阳辐射的影响。这意味着冈底斯山脉在消融季节的云量相对较低。东区马戏团的 E 偏向表明印度夏季风并不强。西区圆环的 L/W 比相对较小,这意味着加宽对西区圆环平面扩大的重要影响。L/H 和 W/H 比值呈下降趋势,A3D/A2D 比值由西向东呈上升趋势,说明东段深海马戏团的重要性。此外,不同的基岩类型可能归因于不同的圆环形状。太阳马戏团的 NE 向偏差揭示了太阳辐射的影响。这意味着冈底斯山脉在消融季节的云量相对较低。东区马戏团的 E 偏向表明印度夏季风并不强。L/H 和 W/H 比值呈下降趋势,A3D/A2D 比值由西向东呈上升趋势,说明东段深海马戏团的重要性。此外,不同的基岩类型可能归因于不同的圆环形状。太阳马戏团的 NE 向偏差揭示了太阳辐射的影响。这意味着冈底斯山脉在消融季节的云量相对较低。东区马戏团的 E 偏向表明印度夏季风并不强。L/H 和 W/H 比值呈下降趋势,A3D/A2D 比值由西向东呈上升趋势,说明东段深海马戏团的重要性。此外,不同的基岩类型可能归因于不同的圆环形状。太阳马戏团的 NE 向偏差揭示了太阳辐射的影响。这意味着冈底斯山脉在消融季节的云量相对较低。东区马戏团的 E 偏向表明印度夏季风并不强。太阳马戏团的 NE 向偏差揭示了太阳辐射的影响。这意味着冈底斯山脉在消融季节的云量相对较低。东区马戏团的 E 偏向表明印度夏季风并不强。太阳马戏团的 NE 向偏差揭示了太阳辐射的影响。这意味着冈底斯山脉在消融季节的云量相对较低。东区马戏团的 E 偏向表明印度夏季风并不强。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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