Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) also known as p8 and candidate of metastasis 1 (COM1) functions as a transcriptional regulator, and plays a role in cell cycle, DNA damage response, apoptosis, autophagy, and chromatin remodeling in response to various cellular stressors. Since it was first suggested to contribute to cancer development and progression in 1999, a number of studies have sought to reveal its function. However, NUPR1 and its biological relevance in cancer have proven difficult to pinpoint. Based on evidence of NUPR1 expression in cancers, its function extends from carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis to metastasis and chemotherapeutic resistance. A tumor suppressive function of NUPR1 has also been documented in multiple cancers. By and large, literature involving NUPR1 and cancer is confined to pancreatic and breast cancers, yet significant progress has been made with respect to NUPR1 expression and its function in lung, colorectal, blood, and prostate cancers, among others. Recent evidence strongly supports the notion that NUPR1 is key in chemotherapeutic resistance by mediating both anti-apoptotic activity and autophagy when challenged with anti-cancer compounds. Therefore, it is of significant importance to understand the broad range of molecular functions directed by NUPR1. In this review, NUPR1 expression and its role in breast, lung, and colorectal cancer development and progression will be addressed.

核蛋白 1 (NUPR1) 也称为 p8 和转移候选物 1 (COM1)，作为转录调节因子发挥作用，并在细胞周期、DNA 损伤反应、细胞凋亡、自噬和染色质重塑中发挥作用，以应对各种细胞应激物。自从 1999 年首次提出它有助于癌症的发展和进展以来，许多研究试图揭示其功能。然而，事实证明，NUPR1 及其在癌症中的生物学相关性很难确定。基于 NUPR1 在癌症中表达的证据，其功能从致癌和肿瘤发生延伸到转移和化疗耐药性。NUPR1 的肿瘤抑制功能也已在多种癌症中得到证实。总的来说，涉及 NUPR1 和癌症的文献仅限于胰腺癌和乳腺癌，然而，在 NUPR1 表达及其在肺癌、结肠直肠癌、血液癌和前列腺癌等癌症中的功能方面已经取得了重大进展。最近的证据有力地支持了这样一种观点，即 NUPR1 在受到抗癌化合物的挑战时通过介导抗细胞凋亡活性和自噬而成为化疗耐药的关键。因此，了解 NUPR1 指导的广泛分子功能具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，将讨论 NUPR1 的表达及其在乳腺癌、肺癌和结直肠癌发展和进展中的作用。最近的证据有力地支持了这样一种观点，即 NUPR1 在受到抗癌化合物的挑战时通过介导抗细胞凋亡活性和自噬而成为化疗耐药的关键。因此，了解 NUPR1 指导的广泛分子功能具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，将讨论 NUPR1 的表达及其在乳腺癌、肺癌和结直肠癌发展和进展中的作用。最近的证据有力地支持了这样一种观点，即 NUPR1 在受到抗癌化合物的挑战时通过介导抗细胞凋亡活性和自噬而成为化疗耐药的关键。因此，了解 NUPR1 指导的广泛分子功能具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，将讨论 NUPR1 的表达及其在乳腺癌、肺癌和结直肠癌发展和进展中的作用。