Multienergy systems (MESs) are able to unlock the energy system flexibility using the coupling across multiple energy sectors. Such coupling contributes to improving the overall energy efficiency and promoting the accommodation of renewable energy. Among a wide range of literature, this article provides a perspective of network analytics on how to model, optimize, and conduct low-carbon analysis on MESs. The energy sector coupling involves different levels, for example, from a single building to nationwide. In this article, we categorize multienergy networks into two levels, that is, the district level that covers a relatively small area such as a campus or a community, where the energy conversion and utilization is the major focus, and the multiregion level that covers a relatively large area such as a big city, a province, or the whole country, where the energy transmission is the major concern. We first review the state-of-the-art multienergy networks standardized modeling approaches including: 1) energy hub (EH) model for district level energy networks; 2) network models, including power, heat, and gas steady-state and dynamic network models, for multiregion level energy networks; and 3) load models, including electricity, heat, and gas load forecasting models. Second, we explore the planning and operation methods for both district level and multiregion level energy networks. Third, we introduce a special technique named the carbon emission flow (CEF) model that is able to calculate the equivalent CO2 emission associated with the energy flows in multienergy networks. We also demonstrate how the technique can help multienergy networks planning and operation toward a low carbon society. Finally, we envision several further key research topics in the field of multienergy networks.

中文翻译：

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多能源网络分析：标准化建模、优化和低碳分析

多能源系统 (MES) 能够使用跨多个能源部门的耦合来释放能源系统的灵活性。这种耦合有助于提高整体能源效率，促进可再生能源的消纳。在广泛的文献中，本文提供了一个关于如何对 MES 建模、优化和进行低碳分析的网络分析视角。能源部门的耦合涉及不同层次，例如从单一建筑物到全国范围。在本文中，我们将多能源网络分为两个层次，即覆盖校园或社区等相对较小区域的地区级，其中以能源转换和利用为主要重点，以及覆盖一个区域的多区域级。相对较大的区域，例如大城市、省或整个国家，其中能源传输是主要问题。我们首先回顾了最先进的多能源网络标准化建模方法，包括：1) 地区级能源网络的能源中心 (EH) 模型；2) 网络模型，包括电力、热力和燃气稳态和动态网络模型，用于多区域级能源网络；3) 负荷模型，包括电力、热力和燃气负荷预测模型。其次，我们探索了区域级和多区域级能源网络的规划和运行方法。第三，我们引入了一种称为碳排放流 (CEF) 模型的特殊技术，该技术能够计算与多能源网络中的能量流相关的等效 CO2 排放。我们还展示了该技术如何帮助多能源网络规划和运营以实现低碳社会。