The problem of optimal planning of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging stations is studied. Different from many other works, we assume the station investor to be a new private entrant into the market who intends to maximize its own profit in a competitive environment. A modified Huff gravity-based model is adopted to describe the probabilistic patronizing behaviors of PEV drivers. Accordingly, a bi-level optimization model is formulated to decide not only the optimal site and size of the new charging station, but also the retail charging prices in the future operation stage. Based on the specific characteristics of the problem, the operation level sub-problem is reformulated to a convex programming and an efficient solution algorithm is designed for the overall bi-level optimization. Numerical examples of different scales demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and computation methods, as well as the importance of considering the competitive effects when planning the charging station.

中文翻译：

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考虑现有竞争对手的电动汽车充电站的部署

研究了插电式电动汽车充电站的优化规划问题。与许多其他作品不同，我们假设车站投资者是新的进入市场的私人进入者，他们打算在竞争环境中最大化自身利润。采用改进的基于霍夫重力的模型来描述PEV驾驶员的概率光顾行为。因此，制定了双层优化模型，不仅可以确定新充电站的最佳位置和大小，还可以决定未来运营阶段的零售充电价格。根据问题的具体特征，将操作级别子问题重新构造为凸规划，并为整体双层优化设计一种有效的求解算法。